Characterization of urinary tract infection from positive urine cultures isolated from pregnant women in the city of Machala year 2022

Abstract

Introduction.  Urinary tract infections (UTI) during pregnancy increase the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Bacteria, due to their great conditioning capacity, manage to develop several resistance mechanisms to antimicrobials that were previously used to eliminate them; Enterobacteriaceae ESBL being the most prevalent globally. Objective.  To characterize the main enterobacteria causing UTI in pregnant women treated in health centers in the city of Machala. Methodology. This research had a quantitative, descriptive, secondary documentary, cross-sectional approach carried out from the records of positive urine cultures from the microbiology laboratory of the IESS Machala General Hospital and Solidarity Clinical Laboratory. Results. It was shown that 85.5% (83/97) of positive urine cultures causing UTI belong to Enterobacteriaceae; the ESBL producing uropathogenic species with the greatest dominance in this study were E. Coli. and Klebsiella aerogenes (1.2%). Conclusion. E. coli and Klebsiella aerogenes were the ESBL-producing enterobacteria with the greatest resistance to antibiotics such as FEP, CRO and KF (each with 50% resistance), which may be related to the low cost of said medications; therefore, it is important to provide continuous health education and constant reviews about the antimicrobial resistance profile to reduce the repercussions of UTI and bacteria with greater resistance in pregnant women.