Introduction: Breast cancer has been established as a public health problem and is the most common worldwide. It is a heterogeneous disease that consists of abnormal growth, multiplication, and proliferation of healthy cells until it transforms into a tumor. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are closely related since they are responsible for inhibiting malignant tumors, and a mutation of these genes produces this type of carcinoma. Objective: To characterize the frequency of mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in women with breast cancer treated at the SOLCA Cancer Institute in Cuenca in 2019 – 2023. Methodology: This article uses a non-experimental descriptive, secondary documentary, and cross-sectional quantitative approach. The information was collected from secondary sources and entered the database of the genetic sequencing department of the SOLCA Cancer Institute. A database was developed using Microsoft Excel and Spss. Results: Out of 188 patients with breast cancer (corresponding to 100%), only 4% of cases were due to a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, with an age range of diagnosis from 25 to 62 years old. Conclusion: The data collected in this study determined that the frequency of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes in women with breast cancer treated at the SOLCA Cancer Institute in Cuenca in 2019 – 2023 is low.

Introduction. The high prevalence of mood impairment disorders in older adults with dementia leads to negative effects on quality of life. Doll Therapy or doll-assisted therapy is proposed as a non-pharmacological intervention for this condition, based on theories of attachment, transitional object, and person-centered approach. Objective. Determine the effect of nursing interventions on the deterioration of mood regulation in older adults. Methodology. Quantitative, quasi-experimental and longitudinal study, conducted in 18 institutionalized older adults with dementia. The Mini Mental Test and the Differential Inventory of Adjectives for Mood State (IDDA-EA) were applied before and after the intervention with Doll Therapy for 4 weeks, with 3 weekly sessions lasting 60 minutes each. Results. The participants presented dementia according to the Mini Mental Test. The pre-intervention IDDA-EA revealed low levels of activation, elevated levels of stress and decreased arousal. After Doll Therapy, statistically significant improvements were found in the activation dimension (p=0.025), reflecting an increase in energy, interest, and disposition levels. Conclusion. Doll Therapy proved to be an effective nursing intervention to improve mood regulation in institutionalized older adults with dementia, specifically in the activation dimension. It is recommended to extend the application time to consolidate positive effects on the dimensions of stress and arousal.

Introduction. Non-caloric sweeteners are a trend as substitutes for cane sugar that generates the use of words in mass consumption products such as “Light,” “Low in sugar,” “Zero” among others to refer to the use of these chemical compounds as an additive. in foods to have a similarity to the original products, but with a healthier presentation. The global epidemic of obesity and diabetes has led to concern about consumption of sugar and its impact on health. As a result, non-caloric sweeteners have been developed as alternatives to sugar to reduce caloric intake. These sweeteners are widely used around the world in diabetic foods and beverages, diet products, and low-calorie products. However, the possible association between the consumption of non-caloric sweeteners and oral health has been the subject of debate. Objective. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of non-caloric sweeteners on oral health, including their relationship with plaque formation, dental caries, dental erosion, and periodontal health. The results are expected to provide valuable information on the safety and effectiveness of non-caloric sweeteners as alternatives to sugar and their impact on oral health. Methodology. The systematic research project was developed under PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. On the other hand, this research project was developed through a review of the literary content of scientific articles around health, particularly in dentistry, said articles have been disseminated in the main indexed journals. They will be obtained through scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, among the most prominent. These are published within the last 10 years. Furthermore, it was developed in an organized manner to resolve the dependent variables (change in pH due to ingestion of non-caloric sweeteners) and independent variable (dental erosion). Results. Enamel dissolution is strongly influenced by the Ca concentration, pH, and titratable acidity of the substance and is related to the concentration of the undissociated form of the acid in each substance. Therefore, higher values of titratable acidity are strong indicators of higher concentrations of the undissociated species of the acid, which, in turn, leads to further enamel erosion. Conclusion. Erosion is a significant problem that can be influenced by the intake of non-caloric sweeteners, highlighting the importance of a preventive approach in dental care and the need to educate the population on the choice of foods and beverages that do not compromise the oral health. Furthermore, changes in salivary pH were observed that support the importance of continuous monitoring of this parameter as a key indicator of oral health.

Introduction: osteoporosis is a disease that weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures. it affects millions of people around the world and its incidence is expected to double. it is related to oral health, especially mandibular bone density, evaluated by panoramic radiographs and the mandibular cortical index (mci). bone densitometry (dxa) is crucial for diagnosis. treatment requires a comprehensive approach to patient care. objective: to synthesize the main topics regarding osteoporosis of the jaws, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of this condition on oral health. methodology: a narrative bibliographic review was conducted based on a search for scientific articles in the specialized databases ScienceDirect, SciELO, Redalyc, and PubMed. the selection criteria for the construction of the manuscript are articles in English and/or Spanish that include information regarding the pathophysiology, etiology, characteristics, diagnosis and therapeutic approach of osteoporosis and its relationship with oral health. results: a scientific document was constructed that was accessible to first-level personnel who address this group of patients. conclusion: osteoporosis does not significantly affect the orofacial bones but can lead to dental and maxillofacial complications. periodontal disease is more common and serious in people with osteoporosis, due to loss of bone density. it is essential that patients with osteoporosis receive regular dental care and communicate with their dentist about their condition. regular dental follow-up is important to detect and treat problems early. dentists must collaborate with other doctors to properly care for patients with osteoporosis and prevent dental and maxillofacial complications. general area of ​​study: dentistry. specific study area: oral rehabilitation. type of study: original.

Introduction: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out from October 2021 to November 2023. Objective: to characterize the clinical-epidemiological behavior of the population aged 19 to 34 years who present with gingival diseases. . Methodology The universe was made up of the total population of the mentioned age group of the Family Doctor's Office No. 13 belonging to the municipality of Batabanó, Mayabeque province, and a sample of 40 patients was selected through simple random sampling. A data collection form was created. The information was collected in a data collection form. data Data collection form (Annex 1) which was filled out after the oral examination was performed on the patients in the dental clinic, using artificial light, with sterilized diagnostic instruments (mirror, oral explorer, cotton tweezers and use of periodontal probe) to rule out the presence or absence of periodontal pockets. In this form, all the variables included in the study were captured in an organized manner, they were analyzed and processed statistically, turning the results into tables and graphs. The statistical analysis was carried out using the contingency tables through the X2 test and in cases where significant differences were reached, Duncan's Multiple Comparison Test was applied:. Results: The most frequent age group turned out to be 29 to 34 years old (40%), female (57.5%), patients with the presence of a periodontal pocket value 6 (27.5%) predominated, of the population studied a 80% have poor oral hygiene, the predominant risk factor is poor oral hygiene with 80%, and the level of knowledge about risk factors is low with 40%. Conclusions: The age group of 29 to 34 years, female sex and grade 6 condition predominated. Most of the population studied has poor oral hygiene. The predominant risk factor was poor oral hygiene. The population studied has a low level of knowledge.   General study area Batabano Stomatological Clinic Specific study area: consultation Type of study: original article

Introduction: It is important to note that exclusive breastfeeding should be until 6 months of age and then start with complementary feeding. Breastfeeding promotes optimal growth and prevents the presence of comorbidities, their influx on cognitive development and the early prevention of chronic diseases. Objectives: The objective of this study is to carry out an analysis of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of caregivers about complementary feeding in children from 6 to 24 months of age in the parish of La Paz, province of Carchi-Ecuador, in order to achieve the identification of best practices aimed at strengthening the proposed categories. Methodology: Participants were selected under specific criteria and correlations between demographic variables and aspects of complementary feeding were analyzed using box plots and Pearson's coefficient. Results: The results showed differences in understanding and attitudes between the groups of both centers. In the CSLP (CSLP), a wide range of responses was observed in the knowledge, unlike the CSSG (CSSG), where there was greater uniformity. Attitudes also varied, with more variability in CSLP and greater consistency in CSSG. In addition, significant differences in practices were noted between the two centers. A moderate correlation between practices and attitudes was identified, and a positive but limited relationship between knowledge and practices. Conclusions: The Chi-square test revealed a sincere relationship in knowledge between the groups, while no significant differences were found in practices and attitudes. The study highlights the importance of improving complementary feeding education among mothers to promote healthy habits and child well-being, given the direct correlation between mothers' level of knowledge and their eating practices. General Study Area: Health. Specific area of study: Nursing. Type of study: literature review.

Introduction: Dementia affects millions of people around the world and the number is expected to continue to increase as the population ages. Doll therapy is an emerging non-pharmacological management strategy for patients with advanced dementia, especially in patients with challenging behaviors. Objective: Describe the benefits of Doll therapy in people with dementia. Methodology: This review used the PRISMA statement. The searches were conducted in the databases: Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science. Results: In this article, 9 published studies (cohort and observational studies) were identified and discussed. In most cases, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional symptoms were alleviated, and overall well-being improved with doll therapy, and it was found that dementia patients were better able to relate to their external environment. Conclusion: Despite the relative paucity of empirical data and sixteen ethical concerns, we are of the opinion that doll therapy is effective for dementia care and is well aligned with the spirit of person-centered care and should be applied in treatment. of patients with dementia. General Study Area: Medicine. Specific area of ​​study: health and well-being. Study type: Original articles.

Introduction. The use of antimicrobial agents and the application of a good technique in the obturation of the canal system are fundamental for the success of endodontic treatments since they prevent the entry, proliferation, and migration of bacteria from inside the canals to the periapical tissues. Objective. This literature review aimed to analyze the coronoapical microleakage of Enterococcus faecalis in endodontically treated teeth. as well as to determine the prevalence of E. faecalis in the root canal system with endodontic treatment, to identify materials and techniques used in endodontics and, finally, to describe the causes of endodontic failure. Methodology. A comprehensive search was performed in Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases, selecting 57 scientific articles among experimental, descriptive, and observational published between 2013 and 2023, according to the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Results. Most authors highlight E. faecalis as the main prevalent microorganism in teeth with endodontic failure due to its ability to synthesize proteins that allow it to survive in adverse conditions within the dentinal tubules; however, recent results of in vitro experimental studies integrate Propionibacterium, Actinomyces. Conclusion. It is concluded that a good chemical-mechanical preparation of root canals, using NaClO at 5.25% with EDTA at 17%, plus the application of the thermoplastic obturation technique, which provides a complete seal in the apical portion, and finally performing a provisional restoration with excellent marginal adaptation, anticipates a 90% success rate in endodontic treatment.