Current situation and perspective of metrology in the health sector of Matanzas province

Metrology is important in the processes that are developed in medical care, as well as in teaching and research to improve the quality of health services results. The objective of this research is to characterize the metrology activity in the province of Matanzas during the period from January 2013 to September 2016 as part of the quality assurance in health services. For this, a retrospective descriptive study was carried out where all the semiannual and annual reports of the activity carried out by the research department were reviewed and sent to the Ministry of public health and the provincial health department. The selection and training of personnel allowed during this period that the execution of the contracting of the verification and calibration service by both primary and secondary care units be 100%. The participation in the courses is not high, due to the stability of the staff in the municipal and hospital health units. The development of the activity allowed a better preparation of professionals and technicians linked to biomedical technology. In addition to complying with the strategy of the Ministry of Public Health in order to ensure the correct use of measuring instruments, the accuracy of the measurements and highlights the importance of metrology in biomedical equipment, and how it impacts on the activities oriented to the reliability of the results.

 

Guillermo Ramos Castro, Delvis Cárdenas Garabito, Angela Ávila Segovia

6-15

The development of creativeness and education at work in the medical sciences

The meaning of the education at work has evolved with ages. Its principal promoter, Dr. Fidel Ilizástigui Dupuy, kept developing this concept on the basis of Marxist – Leninist conceptions, Martí’s conception of the link between study and job and its application by Fidel Castro as a principle of the Cuban Education, from his own experience along the years, as well as from the study of the newest in terms of medical teaching and pedagogy and through the observation and analysis of the medical education tendencies in the different countries he visited. His conception was getting wide in content, from being considered as a teaching form of organization, to being understood as a leading principle of medical education, in a close relationship with the teaching – assistive – investigative integration and the problem solving method together with the development of cognitive independency and of a creative thought. His postulates keep current, at the same time they get updated and generate new researches. Its correct application allows to improve medical assistance and the quality of services. In this direction it was possible to confirm considerable enhancements in some dimensions of creativeness in third year medical students who attend “Comandante Faustino Pérez Hernández” University Hospital in Matanzas, which supports the theoretical foundations in the praxis. Also, the students’ levels of satisfaction increased highly

 

José Alberto Afonso de León, Juan Jesús Mondéjar Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel Blanco Aspiazu, Maricela Pérez Cruz

16-29

The methodological theoretical approach to methodological work in the institutions of higher education

The content reflects the differences between the theoretical approach that from the sciences of the didactics and from the dialectic logic are carried out on the methodological work in the institutions of Cuban higher education. The purpose of this work is to contribute to provide a deeper and more generalized theoretical-methodological vision on the methodological work that gives the Materialist Dialectic Logic that overcomes the limitations implied in the conception given by the Didactics and that has been used in the Cuban educative teaching process. Cardinal elements referred to basic concepts that defined that the integral formation of the new generations of professionals without the appropriation and instrumental use of an integral conception of scientific knowledge and on the social impact of this knowledge are addressed are discussed in this analysis. an integral mentality can only be acquired if the subject of the activity appropriates the theoretical foundations of the Materialist Dialectic Logic and uses it as a methodological theoretical point of view or perspective to elaborate a general strategy for the reflections and investigation of the subjects on the phenomena of social reality and for the transformation of this reality.

Pedro Cabrera Castillo, Ihosvany Noda Villazón, Lazara Nelida Silva Polledo, Madelaine Zamora González

30-48

Teaching guide to support the Oral Self Exam

Oral self-examination is one of the preventive methods to detect oral cancer.

Objective: To implement a Didactic Guide to support Oral Self-Examination for use in preventive activities of oral cancer.

Methodological design: An investigation of technological innovation was carried out with experimental design, where, based on the identification of learning needs regarding oral self-examination, a teaching medium was designed to support this procedure, validated by experts and began to be applied in December 2018. 47 people over 60 years old belonging to the Grandparents House “Antonio Dicirst Martínez” of Matanzas are taken as universe.

Results: 100% of respondents were unaware of oral self-examination and 89.36% indicated interest in learning about oral health. 70.21% of the total did not present smoking habits and with respect to alcohol consumption, 80.25% said they did not drink alcoholic beverages. 87.23% of respondents considered the implementation of educational material as positive, without any negative criteria.

Conclusions: All respondents were unaware of oral self-examination and expressed interest in learning about this topic. A Guide to support oral self-examination was developed and its implementation was subsequently evaluated where the level of satisfaction of the participants in this research was demonstrated.

María Isabel Garay Crespo, Jessica Rubiera Carballosa, Viviana González Escolarte, Maricarmen Rodríguez Domínguez

49-67

Pneumonia due to ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus Influenzae in a patient with COPD

Haemophilus influenzae is a gram-negative coconut bacillus that has the capacity to produce different serious and invasive colonizations including respiratory infections. When a patient presents risk factors such as chronic pathologies, mainly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the association of pneumonia occurs frequently, the latter being an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma that affects hospitalized patients or not and that is characterized by the appearance of fever and / or respiratory symptoms, together with the presence of pulmonary infiltrates on the chest radiograph. Its confirmatory diagnosis requires the isolation of the microorganism and the treatment of first choice to counteract the effects of this microorganism are beta-lactam antibiotics, which are less and less efficient, due to the resistance mechanisms of H. influenzae. We present the case of a 68-year-old male patient with a history of COPD who was treated at the San Gregorio Clinic for a 48-hour picture of the evolution of thermal rises and a nighttime cough concomitantly with the chills, profuse diaphoresis and malaise general. Antibiotic therapy begins with poor clinical response at 72h, cultures are received, antimicrobial resistance to ampicillin is identified, antibiotic rotates, favorable clinical evolution is observed.

Andrea Geovanna Delgado Ludeña, María Isabel Jara Jimbo, Johana Elizabeth Pacheco Ludeña, Geovanna del Cisne Vicente Pérez, Luis Pacheco Correa

68-76