STEAM approach as an improvement in the braille teaching/learning process for the visually impaired in Cuenca.

Abstract

In the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, the pandemic has hit hard affecting the main areas: economic, political and social. As a consequence, several vulnerable groups of the population have been forced to change their way of life, the population group that is the focus of this work are people with visual impairment. They manifest a degree of impairment to a greater or lesser extent to the perception of light in the ocular system, causing them not to distinguish clearly objects around them, hindering their quality of life. As a consequence, their other senses, for example, touch and hearing, become more acute. In order to be included in the social and work environment, they must learn a means of communication that allows them to perform autonomously with society, for this reason, they learn the Braille system, which consists of six dots located in two columns and three rows, Braille integrates letters, numbers and signs. Learning this system is complex at the beginning, even more so using traditional methods such as the ruler and the stylus. Objectives: To design an electronic device to improve the Braille teaching-learning system for people with visual disabilities. Methodology: The descriptive methodology is applied with a quantitative approach, non-experimental type and to obtain greater precision in the results, it is used longitudinally, to facilitate the adaptation of the individual with the technological device, STEAM is integrated to the teaching-learning process. Contributions: This article aims to achieve as a result that people with visual impairment not only learn letters and numbers, but also acquire more autonomous skills in their instruction and thus in the future the project would benefit the inclusion in different areas of society.