Isotropic and Anisotropic fracture criteria applied in Materials Technology: State of the art.

Abstract

In materials technology, the study of isotropic and anisotropic fracture criteria is essential to understand and predict the mechanical behavior of materials under different load conditions. Material fracture is an important factor to consider when designing and evaluating structures and components in a variety of industries, from aerospace and automotive to construction. Depending on their mechanical and thermal properties, materials can be isotropic, anisotropic, or orthotropic. Different methods are carried out for the study of their behavior such as: tensile test, fracture test, numerical modeling, electron microscopy, fractography and test of composite materials. To talk about the isotropic fracture analysis, the Von Mises criterion is taken into account, the same one that is used to evaluate the resistance to fracture of materials with plastic behavior. Likewise, by means of the Tsai-Wu criterion, its application is given to take into account the variations of mechanical properties in different directions in anisotropic materials, such as composites. With the present investigation it was possible to conclude that the isotropic and anisotropic fracture criteria used become the ideal and precise tools to predict the fracture behavior of materials under different load conditions.