Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) para la depression: revision sistemática
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Publicado:
Jul 5, 2022
Palabras clave:
desensibilización y reprocesamiento por movimientos oculares, trastornos depresivos, revisión sistemática.
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Resumen
La terapia de Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares (siglas en EMDR) es una técnica psicoterapéutica que se basa en los movimientos oculares, y la estimulación bilateral, -táctil y auditiva- de utilidad para el procesamiento adecuado de los recuerdos traumáticos, relativamente nueva en el tratamiento de los Trastornos Depresivos. Objetivo general: Este estudio mediante una revisión sistemática contrastó los resultados de investigaciones empíricas centradas en la terapia de Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares y su incidencia en trastornos depresivos. Método: En cuanto al diseño metodológico podemos decir que en esta investigación se realizó de enfoque cualitativo, se utilizó el diseño no experimental transversal de tipo descriptivo, para la identificación y selección de estudios se buscó que sean empíricos y prospectivos mediante la utilización de las bases de datos Mendeley, Web of Science y Scopus, la búsqueda se ejecutó en inglés y español en el periodo 2021- 2022 con los siguientes términos y conectores: “EMDR” o “Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing” y” Depression” o “depressive”. Además, se utilizaron conectores Booleanos como “AND” y “OR”, y fue una revisión de hace 10 años. Resultados: Los hallazgos principales respondieron a 12 artículos evidenciando que la aplicación de la terapia Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares reduce efectivamente la sintomatología en pacientes depresivos. Conclusión: La tendencia actual en la aplicación de esta terapia nos permite evidenciar su eficacia empírica, mostrándose como un tratamiento efectivo para la mejora en salud mental en pacientes depresivos.
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Reátegui Duarte, M. J., Balarezo Chiriboga, L. A., & Ramírez Coronel, A. A. (2022). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) para la depression: revision sistemática. Ciencia Digital, 6(3), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.33262/cienciadigital.v6i3.2164
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Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
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Aneiros, L., González, A., Laredo, M., Mosquera, D., Taboada, J., Varela, M. (2012). EMDR en el tratamiento de la depresión. Psicologia.com, 16:22.
http://hdl.handle.net/10401/5515
Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría [APA]. (2014). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5. American Psychiatric Publishing.
Bae, H., Kim, D., & Park, Y. C. (2008). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for adolescent depression. Psychiatry Investigation, 5(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2008.5.1.60
Baptist, J., Thompson, D. E., Spencer, C., Mowla, M. R., Love, H. A., & Su, Y. (2021). Clinical efficacy of EMDR in unipolar depression: Changes in theta accordance. Psychiatry Research, 296.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113696
Bayhan, B. B., Tarquinio, C., Rydberg, J., & Korkmazlar, Ü. (2022). The study of the group intervention containing EMDR therapy for children and mothers in the field of trauma after a mine explosion in Turkey. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 6(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100248
Behnammoghadam, M., Alamdari, A. K. Aram, Behnammoghadam, A., & Darban, F. (2015). Effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on Depression in Patients with Myocardial Infarction (MI). Global Journal of Health Science, 7(6), 258–262. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v7n6p258
Boyraz, R. K., Kirpinar, I., Yilmaz, O., Özyurt, O., Kiliçarslan, T., & Aralasmak, A. (2021). A treatment-response comparison study of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging between standard treatment of SSRI and standard treatment of SSRI plus non-dominant hand-writing task in patients with major depressive disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.698954
Calderón, D. (2018). Epidemiología de la depresión en el adulto mayor. Revista Médica Herediana, 29(3), 182-191. https://doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v29i3.3408
Carletto, S., Malandrone, F., Berchialla, P., Oliva, F., Colombi, N., Hase, M., Hofmann, A., & Ostacoli, L. (2021). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1894736.
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2021.1894736
Carrasco, A. (2017). Modelos psicoterapéuticos para la depresión: hacia un enfoque integrado. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 51(2),181-189. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=28454546004
Cedillo, M., Viñanzaca, J., Espinosa, M. J., Gómez, R., Mena, C., Galarza, E., Martínez-Suárez, P., & Ramirez, A. (2021). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing desde la Propuesta de Valoración de Mario Bunge. INVESTIGATIO, (16), 22–41. https://doi.org/10.31095/investigatio.2021.16.3
Cotter, P., Meysner, L., & Lee, C. W. (2017). Participant experiences of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for grief: similarities and differences. European Journal of Psych traumatology, 8(sup6), 1375838. http://doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1375838
Gauhar, Y. W. M. (2016). The efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 10(2), 59–69.
https://doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.10.2.59
Hase, M., Balmaceda, U. M., Hase, A., Lehnung, M., Tumani, V., Huchzermeier, C., & Hofmann, A. (2015). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in the treatment of depression: A matched-pairs study in an inpatient setting. Brain and Behavior, 5(6), 1–9.
https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.342
Hase, M., Plagge, J., Hase, A., Braas, R., Ostacoli, L., Hofmann, A., & Huchzermeier, C. (2018). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing versus treatment as usual in the treatment of depression: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(AUG). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01384
Hatefi, M., Tarjoman, A., Moradi, S., & Borji, M. (2019). The effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injuries. Trauma Monthly, 24(5).
https://doi.org/10.5812/traumamon.92873
Kessler, R. C. (2012). The Costs of Depression. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 35(1), 1–14. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2011.11.005
Lortye, S., Will, J., Marquenie, L., Goudriaan. A., Arntz, A., de Waal, M. (2021). Treating posttraumatic stress disorder in substance use disorder patients with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of diverse types and timings of treatment. BMC Psychiatry 21, 442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03366-0
Malandrone, F., Carletto, S., Hase, M., Hofmann, A., Ostacoli, L. (2019). A Brief Narrative Summary of Randomized Controlled Trials Investigating EMDR Treatment of Patients with Depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research. 13. 302-306. https://doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.13.4.302
Mauna, Y. W. (2016). The efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 10(2), 59–69.
https://doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.10.2.59
Minelli, A., Zampieri, E., Sacco, C., Bazzanella, R., Mezzetti, N., Tessari, E., Barlati, S., & Bortolomasi, M. (2019). Clinical efficacy of trauma-focused psychotherapies in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in-patients: A randomized, controlled pilot-study. Psychiatry Research, 273, 567–574.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.070
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & PRISMA Group (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. International journal of surgery (London, England), 8(5), 336–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007
Novo Navarro, P., Landin-Romero, R., Guardiola-Wanden-Berghe, R., Moreno-Alcázar, A., Valiente-Gómez, A., Lupo, W., Amann, B. L. (2018). 25 años de Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: protocolo de aplicación, hipótesis de funcionamiento y revisión sistemática de su eficacia en el trastorno por estrés postraumático. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, 11(2), 101–114.
http://doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2015.12.002
Ostacoli, L., Carletto, S., Cavallo, M., Baldomir-Gago, P., di Lorenzo, G., Fernandez, I., Hase, M., Justo-Alnso, A., Lehnung, M., Migliaretti, G., Oliva, F., Pagani, M., Recarey-Eiris, S., Torta, R., Tumani, V., Gonzalez-Vazquez, A. I., & Hofmann, A. (2018). Comparison of eye movement desensitization reprocessing and cognitive behavioral therapy as adjunctive treatments for recurrent depression: The European Depression EMDR Network (EDEN) randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(FEB). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00074
Paauw, C., de Roos, C., Tummers, J., de Jongh, A., & Dingemans, A. (2019). Effectiveness of trauma-focused treatment for adolescents with major depressive disorder. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 10(1).
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1682931
Rahimi, F., Rejeh, N., Bahrami, T., Heravi-Karimooi, M., Tadrisi, S. D., Griffiths, P., & Vaismoradi, M. (2019). The effect of the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing intervention on anxiety and depression among patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized controlled trial. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 55(4), 652–660. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12389
Reyes-Trelles, X. F., Rivera-Tapia, C. J., Elizalde-Martínez, B. A., Auquilla-Guzmán, Álvaro F., & Malavé-Pérez, Y. M. (2020). Complementariedad terapéutica en el trastorno depresivo mayor con síntomas psicóticos. Killkana Salud Y Bienestar, 4(3), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.26871/killcanasalud.v4i3.627
Shapiro, F., & Solomon, R. (2015). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy. In E. Neukrug (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of theory in counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 389-394). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781483346502.n134
Urrútia, G. & Bonfill, X. (2013). La declaración PRISMA: un paso adelante en la mejora de las publicaciones de la Revista Española de Salud Pública. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 87(2), 99-102.
https://doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000200001
Van der Kolk, B. A., Spinazzola, J., Blaustein, M. E., Hopper, J. W., Hopper, E. K., Korn, D. L., & Simpson, W. B. (2007). A randomized clinical trial of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), fluoxetine, and pill placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: treatment effects and long-term maintenance. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 68(1), 37–46.
https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v68n0105
Wood, E., Ricketts, T., & Parry, G. (2018). EMDR as a treatment for long-term depression: A feasibility study. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 91(1), 63–78.
https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12145
http://hdl.handle.net/10401/5515
Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría [APA]. (2014). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5. American Psychiatric Publishing.
Bae, H., Kim, D., & Park, Y. C. (2008). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for adolescent depression. Psychiatry Investigation, 5(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2008.5.1.60
Baptist, J., Thompson, D. E., Spencer, C., Mowla, M. R., Love, H. A., & Su, Y. (2021). Clinical efficacy of EMDR in unipolar depression: Changes in theta accordance. Psychiatry Research, 296.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113696
Bayhan, B. B., Tarquinio, C., Rydberg, J., & Korkmazlar, Ü. (2022). The study of the group intervention containing EMDR therapy for children and mothers in the field of trauma after a mine explosion in Turkey. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 6(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100248
Behnammoghadam, M., Alamdari, A. K. Aram, Behnammoghadam, A., & Darban, F. (2015). Effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on Depression in Patients with Myocardial Infarction (MI). Global Journal of Health Science, 7(6), 258–262. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v7n6p258
Boyraz, R. K., Kirpinar, I., Yilmaz, O., Özyurt, O., Kiliçarslan, T., & Aralasmak, A. (2021). A treatment-response comparison study of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging between standard treatment of SSRI and standard treatment of SSRI plus non-dominant hand-writing task in patients with major depressive disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.698954
Calderón, D. (2018). Epidemiología de la depresión en el adulto mayor. Revista Médica Herediana, 29(3), 182-191. https://doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v29i3.3408
Carletto, S., Malandrone, F., Berchialla, P., Oliva, F., Colombi, N., Hase, M., Hofmann, A., & Ostacoli, L. (2021). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1894736.
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2021.1894736
Carrasco, A. (2017). Modelos psicoterapéuticos para la depresión: hacia un enfoque integrado. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 51(2),181-189. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=28454546004
Cedillo, M., Viñanzaca, J., Espinosa, M. J., Gómez, R., Mena, C., Galarza, E., Martínez-Suárez, P., & Ramirez, A. (2021). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing desde la Propuesta de Valoración de Mario Bunge. INVESTIGATIO, (16), 22–41. https://doi.org/10.31095/investigatio.2021.16.3
Cotter, P., Meysner, L., & Lee, C. W. (2017). Participant experiences of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for grief: similarities and differences. European Journal of Psych traumatology, 8(sup6), 1375838. http://doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1375838
Gauhar, Y. W. M. (2016). The efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 10(2), 59–69.
https://doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.10.2.59
Hase, M., Balmaceda, U. M., Hase, A., Lehnung, M., Tumani, V., Huchzermeier, C., & Hofmann, A. (2015). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in the treatment of depression: A matched-pairs study in an inpatient setting. Brain and Behavior, 5(6), 1–9.
https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.342
Hase, M., Plagge, J., Hase, A., Braas, R., Ostacoli, L., Hofmann, A., & Huchzermeier, C. (2018). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing versus treatment as usual in the treatment of depression: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(AUG). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01384
Hatefi, M., Tarjoman, A., Moradi, S., & Borji, M. (2019). The effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injuries. Trauma Monthly, 24(5).
https://doi.org/10.5812/traumamon.92873
Kessler, R. C. (2012). The Costs of Depression. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 35(1), 1–14. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2011.11.005
Lortye, S., Will, J., Marquenie, L., Goudriaan. A., Arntz, A., de Waal, M. (2021). Treating posttraumatic stress disorder in substance use disorder patients with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of diverse types and timings of treatment. BMC Psychiatry 21, 442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03366-0
Malandrone, F., Carletto, S., Hase, M., Hofmann, A., Ostacoli, L. (2019). A Brief Narrative Summary of Randomized Controlled Trials Investigating EMDR Treatment of Patients with Depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research. 13. 302-306. https://doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.13.4.302
Mauna, Y. W. (2016). The efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 10(2), 59–69.
https://doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.10.2.59
Minelli, A., Zampieri, E., Sacco, C., Bazzanella, R., Mezzetti, N., Tessari, E., Barlati, S., & Bortolomasi, M. (2019). Clinical efficacy of trauma-focused psychotherapies in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in-patients: A randomized, controlled pilot-study. Psychiatry Research, 273, 567–574.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.070
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & PRISMA Group (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. International journal of surgery (London, England), 8(5), 336–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007
Novo Navarro, P., Landin-Romero, R., Guardiola-Wanden-Berghe, R., Moreno-Alcázar, A., Valiente-Gómez, A., Lupo, W., Amann, B. L. (2018). 25 años de Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: protocolo de aplicación, hipótesis de funcionamiento y revisión sistemática de su eficacia en el trastorno por estrés postraumático. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, 11(2), 101–114.
http://doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2015.12.002
Ostacoli, L., Carletto, S., Cavallo, M., Baldomir-Gago, P., di Lorenzo, G., Fernandez, I., Hase, M., Justo-Alnso, A., Lehnung, M., Migliaretti, G., Oliva, F., Pagani, M., Recarey-Eiris, S., Torta, R., Tumani, V., Gonzalez-Vazquez, A. I., & Hofmann, A. (2018). Comparison of eye movement desensitization reprocessing and cognitive behavioral therapy as adjunctive treatments for recurrent depression: The European Depression EMDR Network (EDEN) randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(FEB). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00074
Paauw, C., de Roos, C., Tummers, J., de Jongh, A., & Dingemans, A. (2019). Effectiveness of trauma-focused treatment for adolescents with major depressive disorder. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 10(1).
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1682931
Rahimi, F., Rejeh, N., Bahrami, T., Heravi-Karimooi, M., Tadrisi, S. D., Griffiths, P., & Vaismoradi, M. (2019). The effect of the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing intervention on anxiety and depression among patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized controlled trial. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 55(4), 652–660. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12389
Reyes-Trelles, X. F., Rivera-Tapia, C. J., Elizalde-Martínez, B. A., Auquilla-Guzmán, Álvaro F., & Malavé-Pérez, Y. M. (2020). Complementariedad terapéutica en el trastorno depresivo mayor con síntomas psicóticos. Killkana Salud Y Bienestar, 4(3), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.26871/killcanasalud.v4i3.627
Shapiro, F., & Solomon, R. (2015). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy. In E. Neukrug (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of theory in counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 389-394). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781483346502.n134
Urrútia, G. & Bonfill, X. (2013). La declaración PRISMA: un paso adelante en la mejora de las publicaciones de la Revista Española de Salud Pública. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 87(2), 99-102.
https://doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000200001
Van der Kolk, B. A., Spinazzola, J., Blaustein, M. E., Hopper, J. W., Hopper, E. K., Korn, D. L., & Simpson, W. B. (2007). A randomized clinical trial of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), fluoxetine, and pill placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: treatment effects and long-term maintenance. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 68(1), 37–46.
https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v68n0105
Wood, E., Ricketts, T., & Parry, G. (2018). EMDR as a treatment for long-term depression: A feasibility study. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 91(1), 63–78.
https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12145