Iron deficiency in pregnant women is relatively common, so a proper iron-rich diet is essential, in addition to supplement intake in order to avoid future complications. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of anemia in pregnant adult women in the southern Andean area of ​​Ecuador, according to their prenatal characteristics. For this, anthropometric and biochemical data information of 164 mothers was recorded, with their consent, keeping their anonymity and considering the Helsinki criteria. Positive correlations were determined between two prenatal variables (age of the mother and her Body Mass Index) and her hemoglobin levels in the first trimester of pregnancy and in the postpartum period; part of the group of pregnant mothers suffered anemia during the first three months of pregnancy as well as in the postpartum period.

Prematurity, worldwide, is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, making it a real challenge for the Ecuadorian health system. The main objective of the research is to establish the prevalence of prematurity and its associated factors, in the Neonatology area of ​​the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, between 2011-2015, applying an analytical, cross-sectional observational methodology, reviewing a number of 447 clinical records of newborns, who met the inclusion criteria, statistically analyzing, reporting Odds ratio, with a confidence interval of (95%) and accepting the pi value, the relevant bioethical foundations were applied, within the results it is given that the prevalence of prematurity was (29.4%), the percentage of adolescent mothers was ( 30.3%), (56.1%) have secondary education, (36.4%) are married and (72.7%) spend the night in urban areas. The predominant sex of premature infants was male with (52.3%), (70.5%) were late preterm infants and 79.5% were small for gestational age. The risk factors that show a statistical variation relationship were: age younger than 19 years old and older than 35 years old (OR: 1.71; CI: 1.12-2.59 p: 0.01), hypertensive disorders (OR: 1.81; CI: 1.08-3.03 p: 0.02 ), intrauterine growth restriction (OR: 4.89 CI: 3.17-7.55 p: 0.000), and multiple pregnancy (OR: 2.79; CI: 1.45-5.34 p: 0.001), concluding that the prevalence of prematurity was high, a relationship was found statistically significant with: age, hypertensive disorders, intrauterine growth retardation and multiple pregnancy

Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (NIMV) in post-tubed patients provides mechanical ventilatory support, without the use of an artificial airway, avoiding complications from prolonged use of Mechanical Ventilation, reducing the hospital stay of the Intensive Care Unit. To determine the effectiveness of non-invasive mechanical ventilation after its establishment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that affects the improvement of the quality of life of post-tubal patients in the Intensive Care Unit of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in the city of Guayaquil. Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive study; with a convenience sample directed at adult patients inside the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the population was 100 cases and the sample type was non-probability for convenience, selecting the population that met the characteristics for the research, taken from the clinical records of the AS400 system, corresponding to the period from the month of January 2018 to January 2019, an observation sheet was made that consisted of 16 items which was validated by judgments of specialists and health experts qualifying validity , relevance and coherence. The results on the management of patients diagnosed with COPD and undergoing Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation post-incubation have been shown to overcome respiratory failure, reducing muscle fatigue due to excessive use of accessory muscles; In this way, it improves arterial PH, PO2, and PCO2 levels, reducing the days of hospitalization in the ICU, pneumonia associated with invasive mechanical ventilation and reintubation, allowing a reduction in the days of hospital stay. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation applied in the early period to extubation in patients with a diagnosis of exacerbated COPD is useful to improve the results in this disease by considerably reducing the incidence of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, reintubation, and therefore the total mechanical ventilation time in the ICU.

Diet is of great importance as one of the determinants of the health status of individuals and populations, as well as being an essential factor related to the quality of life and survival of the human species. The lack of knowledge about good manufacturing practices, as well as the limited availability of additional technical information, negatively affects food handling and preparation. The objective of this work is to design the program of the optional subject Food Engineering in the Bachelor's degree in Nutrition from the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Matanzas, belonging to the Medical University of Matanzas. For which the scientific method supported in the documentary analysis of different programs of the Food Engineering career developed by different authors and normative methodological documents was used. The designed program has a duration of 40 hours distributed in five topics, with conferences, practical classes, seminars and included visits to centers of elaboration, food processing, development of papers and evaluative practical work. The design of the program of the optional subject Food Engineering in the Bachelor's degree in Nutrition allows a greater integration in the design and control of food processing and guarantees a comprehensive vision for the graduate of this specialty.

Hematocolpos-piocolpos is one of the very rare pathologies in the Andean region of the equator, generally it follows the pathologies on the alterations in the genesis of the female genitourinary system. With the objective of analyzing the fundamental characteristics in the treatment of a case with hematocolpos-piocolpos. A clinical study corresponding to a 9-year-old and 6-month-old pediatric patient was performed. The case was characterized as being prepubertal with a history of abdominal pain, accompanied by a greenish, fetid vaginal discharge. On physical examination, she presented an imperforate hymen. On pelvic ultrasound, hematocolpos were observed. The intervention had 6 medical professionals, all with more than 10 years of experience in gynecological studies. The case had as fundamental results a clinical treatment with antibiotic and surgical treatment, performing hymenectomy plus drainage of purulent material, with a definitive diagnosis of pyometrocolpos, which were sent for culture, with a positive result for Echericha Coli.