Most common bacteria identified in wounds of dogs with congener bites and their resistance to antibiotics.

Abstract

Introduction. Social interaction between dogs, both in domestic and community environments, can lead to episodes of aggression, occasionally manifesting through bites. These situations not only involve risks of physical injury, but also introduce a critical and increasingly disturbing element: bacterial resistance to antibiotics. This issue becomes relevant, especially when considering the constant increase in bacterial resistance in the context of inter-conspecific bites, raising the urgent need to adequately address this concern. In this scenario, bacterial cultures and antibiograms emerge as essential tools for the identification of microorganisms present in canine bites, as well as for the evaluation of antimicrobial resistance. Elements that play a crucial role in providing an accurate basis for the treatment of injuries resulting from bites. Consequently, through this research, we seek to identify the main bacteria present in wounds caused by bites between conspecifics and analyze the associated bacterial resistance. Furthermore, it is intended to highlight the importance of information derived from cultures and antibiograms in the formulation of more precise and specific therapeutic strategies. With this approach, we seek to contribute to the development of more informed and effective medical practices in the treatment of the bacterial consequences of social interactions between dogs. Objective. Identify the most common bacteria found in bite wounds and their resistance to antibiotics. Methodology. This research adopts a descriptive approach of a non-experimental nature and was carried out on dogs with conspecific bites that sought care at the CanVet veterinary clinic, located in the city of Latacunga, during the period from June to October 2023. During this period, a total of 17 domestic dogs were treated, aged between 1 and 10 years, who had wounds in various areas of the body. Aseptic procedures were applied to the perilesional area, followed by sampling using sterile swabs. These samples were subsequently sent for cultures and antibiograms, as part of the research protocol. Results. In this work, bacteria of the genus staphylococcus s.p, aureus and proteus (53%) were identified as the most frequent bacteria in wounds of domestic dogs due to bites from conspecifics, and 47% of samples in which there was no bacterial development were also determined. A greater case of resistance to penicillin (67%) and clindamycin (56%) can be estimated. Just as there are wounds that do not present bacterial development. Conclusion. There are bacteria with resistance to several antibiotics, which is why it is relevant to perform culture studies and antibiograms to develop the appropriate therapy. Study area: microbiology, surgery.