Theoretical bases - concepts of tourism management in unprotected natural spaces

The purpose of the work was to establish the theoretical - conceptual bases of the tourist management in unprotected natural spaces; for which three stages were developed: the identification of theoretical nuclei, the modeling of the management and the classification of the spaces, by means of methods and techniques, so much of the theoretical level as of the empirical one, of this last one were very important the realization of a Forum online and the use of a group of experts. From the research it turned out that the natural spaces are the forms acquired by the geographical space, with bases defined according to the biotic and abiotic elements, which are supposed to have not been modified by man, however, it is very difficult the existence of clearly wild spaces. The protected areas are delimited by other unprotected natural spaces, where resources and attractions exist that can generate centrality for the promotion of tourist activities. The conceptualization of unprotected natural spaces and the modeling of tourism management in they contemplated three essential axes: visitor flows, actors and their management, which leads to their development as recipient territories. The proposed classification for unprotected natural spaces, structured into three levels and nine categories, which were adequate, efficient and of a high degree of simplicity and scientificity, for its implementation ractic, according to the criteria of experts, with many years of experience in their work and concordance in the criteria issued during the assessment.

Yudemir Cruz Pérez, Juan Ernesto Gutiérrez Leyva

23-37

Handicrafts of Tigua in the center of the world

In the geographic, demographic, social, economic and cultural aspect through interviews with the Autonomous Decentralized Parochial Rural Government Zumbahua to know the current sector, the Inventory of Handicraft Techniques was made through INPC records, the information was collected through interviews To the Artisans of the parish and Tigua Community, the Artisanal Techniques Guide was elaborated through the systematization of the data, which made reference to the materials, processes and techniques of the artisan activity. Tigua paintings are a symbolic art, a reflection of the culture of Ecuadorian indigenous communities. The population defined for purposes of income and benefit in those sites of the different communities of Tigua, the painters are located in their workshops - gallery. The results suggest that the paintings are patrimonial and tourist elements. The festival of the Andean cultures "reaches its highest point, the Embassy of Ecuador in Spain and the collaborators have put all their effort and affection, after two years of perseverance, and overcome all budgetary difficulties, to become a reality. Thus, the great event for the museum, a moment of celebration of September 30 for the works of the artists from Tigue, and they will transmit for more than three months the works of the tigua artists, a whole canton to life and to the symbiosis with nature.

Efraín Velasteguí López

53-64

The internal migration of peasants to urban areas in Ecuador

At present there are studies of internal migrations in Ecuador that show that in order to understand the field-city migrations, it is necessary to understand the factors that lead the peasants to make a risky decision for him 88or her and for the rest of his family, factors between those who understand the instability of their habitual or traditional way of life, the enclosure of communal lands and in definite, the destruction of their means to survive and sustain themselves. That is, people from rural areas leave the camps because they assume that their living conditions will improve in the cities, because in these they will find at least better access to basic services that they lacked in the countryside. 40.5% of Ecuadorians reside in a different place than their birth, the people who make a migratory movement are basically adults with low level of education and usually dominate Spanish. 87% of migrants who do not have any years of education move to cities with an average level of schooling, these people migrate without being sure of getting a job, they simply move in the hope of accessing a higher salary than in the area of origin. However, once inside the cities they face problems such as limited access to housing due to the high cost of rent, as a consequence of that, it forces them to relocate to marginal areas, which causes an increase in the perimeter of the cities.

Yolanda Tatiana Carrasco Ruano

65-79