Resumen

Introducción. La destreza de hablar se considera una de las habilidades más difíciles de desarrollar en clase al enseñar un idioma extranjero. Por lo tanto, los docentes deben buscar alternativas para mejorar la producción oral de los alumnos. En este sentido, las Actividades Comunicativas (AC) juegan un papel fundamental en la enseñanza de idiomas pues brindan oportunidades a los estudiantes para utilizar el idioma como en situaciones reales. Objetivo. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es proporcionar una descripción general de las actividades comunicativas para mejorar la producción oral en el aula de inglés como lengua extranjera. Metodología. Este artículo se basó en el enfoque cualitativo. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva-documental a través de una extensa revisión bibliográfica sobre los principios fundamentales del Enfoque Comunicativo, las actividades comunicativas, los tipos de AC y el habla. Resultados. Los resultados de las investigaciones revisadas muestran que las AC son bastante útiles para profesores y alumnos, ya que facilitan la producción oral de los alumnos mediante la interacción entre compañeros y profesores. Conclusión. Además, las actividades comunicativas motivan a los alumnos a desarrollar sus competencias lingüísticas debido a la dinámica en la que se llevan en el aula de inglés como lengua extranjera.

Introducción. Esta síntesis de investigación sistemática investigó la efectividad de las intervenciones de enseñanza de idiomas basadas en tareas en el rendimiento de escritura L2 de estudiantes de nivel intermedio. Objetivo. El objetivo principal fue determinar los efectos de las manipulaciones de variables independientes de la enseñanza del lenguaje basada en tareas sobre diferentes modos de escritura medidos de manera integral y mediante constructos CALF. Metodología. La integración de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos se llevó a cabo mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática y la recuperación de artículos publicados desde 2010 hasta septiembre de 2011. Las características sustantivas y metodológicas de los estudios fueron codificadas y comparadas para la identificación de prácticas y tendencias de uso común dentro de la Enseñanza de idiomas basada en tareas y dominio de investigación de escritura L2. Resultados. Los resultados indican 3 tipos principales de intervenciones basadas en tareas: el marco TBLT, las manipulaciones de la complejidad de la tarea y las condiciones de planificación de la tarea han prevalecido como tratamientos. Los tratamientos de complejidad de tareas han tenido efectos beneficiosos en las medidas de fluidez y complejidad léxica, mientras que la planificación estratégica y el tiempo de planificación también favorecieron la fluidez en la escritura L2. A su vez, los tratamientos de lecciones del marco TBLT produjeron grandes efectos medidos como d de Cohen. Conclusión. A pesar de la amplia variedad de condiciones de tratamiento y medidas de resultado para diferentes modos de escritura L2, se brinda apoyo a la importancia de la gestión de etapas del ciclo previo a la tarea de TBLT para estudiantes de nivel intermedio.

The bodybuilding sector in the province of Tungurahua is one of the main economic activities nationwide, they invoice thousands of dollars annually for the commercialization of their goods, therefore, the success of this industrial sector depends on the optimal management of its channels marketing and distribution. Objective: To know the type of Information and Communication Technologies used in the marketing and distribution channels. Methodology: 27 companies registered in the National Chamber of Body Manufacturers (CANFAC) and 10 companies registered in the Tungurahua Production Directorate were taken into consideration, to develop the research the descriptive method was used through a survey of managers of the companies, which was validated with Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency index for ordinal variables, Kuder Richardson KR-20 for dichotomous questions and approval of the instrument by 5 judges, in this case, the Aiken V reliability coefficient was applied, The bibliographic and field research modality was used. Results: the industrial sector uses electronic means for its marketing channels, 68.9% prefer social networks and web pages, 79.1% use the direct channel to distribute goods, there is also little knowledge about the operation of the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system. Conclusion: information and communication technologies have many alternatives, the same that are applied depending on the size that each one has, therefore, suggest alternatives that allow efficient management of the marketing and distribution channel between internal and external clients of the company.

Introduction. The implementation of video-based activities for teaching languages has contributed positively to boost understanding English as a foreign language through an interactive pedagogy to understand colloquial language and pragmatics on sitcoms. Objective. This study is aimed at analyzing video-based activities for comprehending American colloquialisms on sitcoms.  Methodology. By employing a quasi-experimental research framework with emphasis on quantitative approach, this study evaluated the understanding on colloquial language among teenagers through four week treatment using embedded video activities in different platforms. Results. Results from the comparison between pretest and posttest for both groups demonstrated a considerable difference. The principal findings are detailed as follows; on the one hand, the scores without intervention in both groups shows (M=-0.640, SE=1.063, p-value= 0,553). On the other hand, the scores after applying four week treatment demonstrates significant outcomes between both groups’ posttest scores determined as follows (M=8.000, SE=0.542, p-value=< .001). Conclusion. It is proved that, introducing video-based activities to understand colloquialisms in English Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms constitutes a dynamic and engaged teaching trends due to the accessibility to introduce authentic materials and support the learning process with visual aids.

Introduction. Climate change remains one of the main risk factors for humanity, its effect on the living conditions and activities of all living beings can drastically affect the lifestyle of current ecosystems. Different countries have implemented policies and actions that seek to mitigate the effect of greenhouse gases and their contribution to climate change. Ecuador has implemented policies to reduce the emission of polluting gases, modifying its energy matrix to take advantage of its climatic and geographical conditions, seeking to implement the use of renewable energies such as photovoltaics. Objective. Analyze the potential of electricity generation that can be achieved in the province of Manabí, in the use and exploitation of photovoltaic solar energy. Methodology. The data have been obtained using different databases of solar energy systems, taking values ​​from several decades referring to solar insolation, considering as a sample the main cantons of the province of Manabí; where the electric power generation values ​​that can be achieved in each canton were estimated. Results. The cantons of Manta and Montecristi reach a high level of solar radiation above 1,700 KWh/m²/year; Portoviejo and Jipijapa reach a value higher than 1,600 KWh/m²/year, Chone and El Carmen slightly lower values. Generating per square meter with Silicon panels between 205 to 262 KWh/year Conclusion. Due to its geographical position and climatic conditions, the province of Manabí shows a high potential for the development of self-consumption energy through photovoltaic systems, which allows raising the technical feasibility of installing photovoltaic systems at the level of industries, businesses and homes.

Introduction: considering that advances in technology improve people's standard of living by boosting economic development, since access to information and the ability to transfer information allow individuals to improve their personal and professional skills. Objective: to determine how the use of information and communication technologies affects the development of basic functions (attention, concentration, memory, and language) during the teaching and learning process of natural sciences in students of upper basic (sub-level 4) in the Tamboloma Bilingual Intercultural Educational Unit. Methodology: an adaptation was made to the Evaluation Model proposed by Mejía, Toala and Valverde, taking as criteria and reference indicators that stimulate motivation and self-reflection, based on the teaching-learning process, it is transcendental to mention that Microsoft Excel software was applied, to tabulate and organize numerical information, in addition, the confidence analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS 2.0 statistical program,  in the confidence level Cronbach's alpha is applied, working, with 95% confidence, 5% calculated relative error and 0.05% significance, the Chi Square that admitted to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Results: cognitive competencies include reasoning from analytical thinking that benefits in the understanding of the various situations faced by the learner inside and outside the educational environment also contains the skills to solve problems through reflection logical and systematic thinking. Conclusion. In the area of Natural Sciences and Technology it integrates knowledge, and knowledge, activates the reinforcement of capacities, competences, and skills necessary skills that the contemporary world demands to live in society.