Biomechanical analysis of the technical execution of Toss to hands in Cheerleading.
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Abstract
Introduction. The optimization of performance in any sport discipline, as in the case of cheerleaders, depends on their execution biomechanics. The Toss to hands technique is an action in pairs with biomechanically similar base and flayer roles. Objetive. Build a structural technical model of the execution of the Toss to hands technique in cheerleaders, taking into account the roles that each athlete performs and the characterization of the biomechanical parameters of angles in different joints, speeds and maximum heights in each determined phase. Methodology. The study was based on a mixed descriptive approach with a cross section, supported by the use of theoretical and empirical methods. Results. 1. The documentary and observational investigation of the videos made to the sample under study, made up of 25 athletes between bases and flayers, allowed to build a structural technical model of the technical execution of the Toss to hands in the cheerleaders, referring to components, periods, phases and movement actions, which are described and differentiated in each role. 2. It could be seen that the angles of the elbow, hip and knee joints differ in each role with significant differences in each phase of movement, as well as the speed of execution, which presents higher values in the projection and dismount phases by part of the flayer, the analysis of the maximum heights similarly presented significant differences, evidenced by the application of the one-factor ANOVA statistical test. Conclution. A structural technical model was built in phases, describing 3 components, 3 periods and 11 phases for each role, which turns out to be more comprehensive, allowing to target the optimization of sports performance and the improvement of both individual and pair competition results.
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