Association between sagittal malocclusion and dyslalia. Literature review

Abstract

Introduction. Malocclusion is the alteration of occlusion caused by genetic factors, loss of temporary or permanent teeth, and harmful habits, among other causes; on the other hand, dyslalia is the alteration of speech in people with normal hearing due to a mechanical or functional factor. Objective. To correlate the presence of dyslalia in patients with sagittal malocclusions. Methodology. A literature review was conducted using a descriptive methodology, and publications in digital databases such as PubMed, Scopus, BVS, and Google Scholar were considered. Articles published in English and Spanish from February 2018 to March 2022 were included. Results. The relationship between dyslalia and malocclusion can occur in various forms, in class III and class II malocclusions with alterations in the phoneme’s /s/, /d/, /t/, /cr/, /gr/, and /pr/. Conclusion. A high and moderate relationship exists between skeletal malocclusions of sagittal origin class I, II, and III considered mechanical dyslalia. However, it should be considered that there are patients who can present dyslalia without malocclusion; this is known as functional dyslalia.