The Video Spectral Comparator as a teaching tool in forensic document examination
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Abstract
Introduction: forensic document examination is a branch of criminalistics dedicated to the technical study of documents and writings with legal significance; its purpose is to determine their authenticity or falsity and to identify potential alterations or authors through scientific procedures. Objective: to analyze the use of the Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) as a teaching tool in forensic document examination courses at higher education institutions in Guayaquil. Methodology: the study employed a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive design. The sample consisted of 120 students and graduates of Criminalistics programs at Universidad Tecnológica ECOTEC and Instituto Superior Tecnológico ARGOS, selected via purposive non-probability sampling. Data were collected using a structured 12-question questionnaire organized into four dimensions: frequency of VSC usage, perception of practical learning, the equipment's contribution to academic training, and the assessment of using specialized technologies. Results: the results showed that VSC usage during academic training remains limited, although participants widely acknowledge its contribution to enhancing practical learning and developing professional competencies. 82.5% believed that increased use of the equipment would improve their academic training, and 100% agreed that specialized technologies strengthen the teaching of forensic document examination. Conclusion: the VSC is a highly valuable teaching tool for competency-based training; however, its educational potential depends on planned curricular integration that fosters systematic, continuous practice, thereby ensuring more robust preparation for professional practice in the field of Criminalistics. General Area of Study: Criminalistics. Specific area of study: Forensic document examination. Type of study: Original articles.
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