Development of a methodological guide for the development of server-side applications

Abstract

Introduction. In an increasingly digital global context, the development of server-side applications, known as backend, has emerged as a fundamental skill for those seeking to specialize in this area of software development. However, many beginner developers face significant challenges due to the lack of clear and structured guidance that encompasses the entire development process, such as comprehensive guides that outline the necessary steps to create robust, efficient, and scalable backend applications. This absence often leads to poor decision-making, which can compromise software quality, functionality, and long-term adaptability. Furthermore, critical aspects such as the selection of appropriate programming languages, the adoption of efficient architectural patterns, the choice of a suitable database, and the implementation of testing and deployment strategies are key factors that complicate the development process, especially for those without prior experience. Objective. The aim of this study is to develop a methodological guide that systematically structures the stages involved in backend application development, covering everything from identifying the initial problem to deploying in production environments. This guide seeks to provide clarity in each phase of development, facilitating informed decision-making regarding technologies, tools, languages, and architectures, while optimizing the efficiency and quality of the software development process. Methodology. The methodology used in this work follows a deductive approach with a descriptive and qualitative design, conducting a thorough review of specialized literature on software development, both agile and traditional methodologies, as well as case studies focused on backend project implementation. Through the analysis of these studies and practical field experience, a solid methodological framework was built, which can be applied in various contexts. Results. The research confirms that the adoption of a clear and well-defined methodology significantly improves the backend development process. Additionally, the integration of modern tools and frameworks not only standardizes development but also enhances team productivity, reduces errors, and ensures better handling of business logic and data manipulation. Moreover, the correct implementation of unit, functional, and performance tests improves software quality, guaranteeing stability and scalability. Conclusion. It is concluded that this methodological guide provides a solid foundation for the efficient development of backend applications, ensuring proper management of the software life cycle.