Human papillomavirus genotypes in altered cervical cytology

Abstract

Introduction: Human papillomavirus belongs to the Papillomaviridae family, it is responsible for 95% of cervical cancer cases worldwide, there are more than 200 HPV genotypes including between fifteen to nineteen high-risk HPV genotypes, among the most prevalent we have HPV 16, 18, 39, 58 and 31 which are responsible for the development of cervical cancer and the most prevalent low-risk HPV genotypes are 6 and 11 which are implicated in the development of genital warts. Objective: To identify the presence of human papillomavirus genotypes in altered cervical cytology. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA protocol for the collection of information in works from search engines such as PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus looking for human papillomavirus genotypes in altered cervical cytology. Conclusions: There is evidence that high-risk papillomaviruses 16 and 18 followed by 39, 58 and 31 are involved in cervical cell transformation. HPV infection plays an important role in the development of cervical neoplasia and is the main risk factor for cervical neoplasia. However, the development of HPV vaccines may reduce the burden of HPV disease, and another finding reveals that there is no vaccine for infection caused by genotype.