Psychosis in pregnancy and postpartum, current handling. Bibliographical revsion

Abstract

Introduction. Mental illness is a challenge for medicine, since the doctor must trust what the patient tells him since there are no visible signs to reach a diagnosis. The best therapeutic option is necessary to treat the psychiatric pathology around pregnancy without harming neither its development nor the woman's own health. In the same way, it is to be able to have management guidelines for women who develop psychosis in the puerperal period in order to maintain an adequate quality of life for both the mother and the newborn and their families; An adequate and even more personalized management protocol has not been established for pregnant and postpartum patients who decline in their mental state, leading to the establishment of a psychiatric pathology that, without adequate follow-up, triggers a serious health problem. The main objective is to promptly recognize the different psychosis disorders during pregnancy and postpartum to be able to give their appropriate treatment, since in our environment it is very lightly taken by non-psychiatric professionals and thus initiate an awareness of general practitioners of the current problem of non-organic, but mental field of the patients. The methodology of this research work is carried out around bibliographic reviews in the medical literature on the psychiatric repercussion that occurs in certain pregnant women as well as in mothers in the immediate, mediate and late puerperal period. Results. Post-traumatic stress syndrome shows a prevalence of 1%, appears between 24 and 48 hours after a difficult delivery. Postpartum depression there is a prevalence of 50-70% or even 80% of births on the third day postpartum, but it does not usually exceed a week. Postpartum depression in 10-15% of women in the first 2-3 months after delivery. Postpartum psychosis occurs in about 1-2 per 1,000 births, although other authors determine 3 per 1,000.