Periodontal health in patients with fixed orthopedic devices. Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: The use of maxillomandibuar orthopedic devices presents significant challenges for the oral hygiene of each patient, affecting hard structures such as the tooth and soft structures such as the periodontium, the accumulation of bacterial plaque in the retentive structures can produce inflammation of the tissues that They surround the tooth, increasing the risk of periodontal diseases and compromising oral well-being. Objective: Identify relevant information on periodontal health in patients wearing fixed orthopedic devices in digital databases. Methodology: Narrative bibliographic review study, through the selection of 31 research articles obtained from a universe of 1,719 publications. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, as well as advanced search in indexing repositories such as: PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Publications that provided valuable information to fulfill the research objective were considered and studies published during the period 2018–2023 were selected. Results: There is variability in the definition and classification of periodontal health, emphasizing the need for standardization in the measurement of periodontal sulcus depth. A significant influence of fixed orthopedic devices on plaque accumulation and gum health is presented, highlighting the importance of appropriate device selection, rigorous oral hygiene, and regular follow-up to preserve periodontal health. Conclusion: Standardization in the classification of periodontal health and careful management of orthopedic devices are important to preserve oral health.