Introduction: this article on comparative law between Ecuador and El Salvador, analyzes how the jurisdictional competence is in the trial  of adolescent offenders, Latin American countries that have different forms of judgment, and international standards in juvenile criminal justice are incorporated, through the comparative method, similarities and differences in the jurisdictional structure are identified,  the age of criminal responsibility, and procedural guarantees, this study highlights the common challenges faced by both systems, including judicial specialization, the protection of the best interests of the child, and the need for public policies aimed at social reintegration, emphasizing the principles of specialization and differentiation of the juvenile criminal system. Objectives: to comparatively analyze jurisdictional competence in the prosecution of juvenile offenders in Ecuador and El Salvador, to identify similarities, differences, and common challenges in the application of international juvenile criminal justice standards. Methodology: qualitative approach, comparative law method, type of descriptive and analytical research, sources: national legislation (Ecuador and El Salvador), relevant jurisprudence, specialized doctrine and international standards of juvenile criminal justice, techniques: documentary review and comparative analysis. Conclusions: the study concludes that only a specialized system that is restorative and non-punitive complies with the international obligations assumed by each of the States and with the objectives of effective juvenile justice, legislative reforms are proposed to guarantee a differentiated response respecting the dignity of minors, invigorating their improvement and integration into society. General area of study: Social Sciences. Specific area of study: Juvenile Criminal Law and Comparative Law. Type of article: Systematic bibliographic review.