Etiology characteristics and treatment of supernumerary teeth. Bibliographic review

Abstract

Introduction: Supernumerary teeth are recognized as a pathology derived from an embryological deviation of the dental organ, its etiology is due to the hyperactivity of the dental lamina, and the hyperplasia of other epithelial organizations, producing evagination and proliferation of the external layer of the epithelial sheath, forming a normal or tiny supernumerary paradentary organ. Objective: to analyze in detail the etiology, treatment, and characteristics of supernumerary teeth. Methodology: in this bibliographic review, its location and identification are analyzed so much that they become very complex, especially in mixed dentitions, where their differentiation with the erupted elements and the tooth germs in development of eruption is essential, which is why which the present research will focus on analyzing causes and treatments in the alteration of the development of supernumerary teeth, an anomaly that affects their functionality and aesthetics, occurring with a frequency of 90% in the upper jaw. Conclusion: supernumerary teeth are an anomaly whose etiology is uncertain but linked to the alteration of odontogenesis and hyperactivity of dental lamina. Its diagnosis requires several clinical, radiographic and tomographic evaluations, it depends greatly on its classification, which includes location, eruption, number and morphology, its most common treatment being extraction. General area of study: Dentistry. Specific area of study: Dental anomalies. Type of study: literature review.