Síndrome de burnout en profesionales sanitarios en el área de oncología: revisión sistemática de las prevalencias y factores de riesgo
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Publicado:
Jul 10, 2022
Palabras clave:
burnout, Salud, oncología, prevalencia.
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Resumen
Maslach y Jackson (1981, 1982) definen el Burnout como una manifestación laboral del estrés laboral, y lo definen como un síndrome tridimensional caracterizado por agotamiento emocional (EE), despersonalización (DP) y dificultad para el logro/realización personal (PA) A partir de ello se desarrolló el cuestionario MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) para evaluar el Síndrome de Burnout en el personal sanitario. El objetivo principal fue identificar en la literatura científica sobre el síndrome de burnout en los profesionales de salud que laboran en el área de oncología mediante el Inventario Burnout de Maslach. La investigación se realizó a través de la revisión sistemática basada en el PRISMA. Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos científicos actualizados desde hace 5 años atrás usando palabras claves en las bases de datos como: Pubmed, Scopus y Web of Science. Hubo una prevalencia considerable del Síndrome de Burnout en los estudios encontrados y factores de riesgo específicos de los servicios de oncología. Se necesita poner más énfasis en estos aspectos y despertar la preocupación de quienes están al frente de estos servicios de salud, buscar soluciones enfocadas en mecanismos para tratar este síndrome.
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Uchuari Cajilima, L. S., Salas Contreras, F. H., & Ortega Campoverde, L. (2022). Síndrome de burnout en profesionales sanitarios en el área de oncología: revisión sistemática de las prevalencias y factores de riesgo. ConcienciaDigital, 5(3), 107-125. https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v5i3.2239
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Borges, L., Cairo, J., Pedroso, M., & Velastegui, L. (2021). Afrontamiento al estrés académico en estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas. Anatomía Digital, 4(2), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i2.1718
Cañadas, G. A., Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Ortega-Campos, E. M., Cañadas, G. R., Albendín-García, L., & de la Fuente-Solana, E. I. (2018). Prevalence of burnout syndrome in oncology nursing: A meta-analytic study. Psycho-Oncology, 27(5), 1426–1433. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4632
Cavalcanti, I., López F, Souza, T., & Silva, M. (2018). Burnout e depressão em residentes de um Programa Multiprofissional em Oncologia: estudio longitudinal prospectivo. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 42(1), 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-52712018v42n1rb20170078
Chagñay, G., & Córdova, M. (2021). Estrés Postraumático, Síndrome de la Cabaña, Covid 19 y Psicología Positiva: Caso Práctico. Anatomía Digital, 4(3.1), 138–153. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i3.1.1906
Cumbe, V., Pala, A., Palha, A., Gaio, A., Esteves, M., Mari, J., & Wainberg, M. (2017). Burnout syndrome and coping strategies in Portuguese oncology health care providers. Revista de Psiquiatría Clínica, 44(5), 122–126. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000135
Dahn, H., McGibbon, A., & Bowes, D. (2019). Burnout and Resiliency in Canadian Oncology Residents: A Nationwide Resident and Program director Survey. Practical Radiation Oncology, 9(1), 118–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prro.2018.08.001
De la Fuente, E., Pradas-Hernández, L., Ramiro-Salmerón, A., Suleiman-Martos, N., Gómez-Urquiza, J., Albendín-García, L., & Fuente, G. (2020). Burnout syndrome in pediatric oncology nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare, 8(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030309
Gordón, P., Córdova, M., Villacrés, E., & Barreno, E. (2021). La edad y la resiliencia en el personal de salud que atiende pacientes con Covid-19. Caso de la ciudad de Ambato. Anatomía Digital, 4(2), 122–131. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i2.1669
Gribben, L., & Semple, C. (2021). Prevalence and predictors of burnout and work-life balance within the hematology cancer nursing workforce. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 52(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101973
Guo, Q., & Zheng, R. (2019). Assessing oncology nurses’ attitudes towards death and the prevalence of burnout: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 42(1), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2019.08.002
Jais, F., Choo, T., Kahan, H., Shahbudin, S., Abdul-Mumin, K., & Rahman, H. (2021). Psychosocial factors and burnout among oncology nurses in Brunei Darussalam: A pilot study. Belitung Nursing Journal, 7(5), 418–424. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1519
Kust, D., Murgic, J., Vukovic, P., Kruljac, I., Prpic, M., Zilic, A., Lengyel, C., Wdowiak, K., Simaskaite, L., Gunaydin, M., Ivana., Sedlar, T., Fountzilas, E., Janzic, U., Coroian, I., Durutovic, I., Pellegrino, B., Petrova, M., Huti, E., Luetic, K. (2022). Oncology Burnout Syndrome in Eastern Europe: Result of the Multinational Survey. Práctica de Oncología JCO, 16(1), 202–213. https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP.19
Lee, Y., Maeng, C., Kim, D. Y., & Kim, B. (2020). Perspectives on professional burnout and occupational stress among medical oncologists: A cross-sectional survey by Korean Society for Medical Oncology (KSMO). Cancer Research and Treatment, 52(4), 1002–1009. https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.190
Mampuya, W., Matsuo, Y., Nakamura, A., & Hiraoka, M. (2017). Evaluation of the prevalence of burnout and psychological morbidity among radiation oncologist members of the Kyoto Radiation Oncology Study Group (KROSG). Journal of Radiation Research, 58(2), 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrw094
Martínez, A. (2010). El síndrome de Burnout. Evolución conceptual y estado actual de la cuestión. Vivat Academia, 1(112), 42-80. https://doi.org/10.15178/va.2010.112.42-80
Paiva, B., Mingardi, M., Valentino, T., de Oliveira, M., & Paiva, C. (2021). Prevalence of burnout and predictive factors among oncology nursing professionals: A cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 139(4), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0606.R1.1202021
Ramey, S., Ahmed, A., Takita, C., Wilson, L., Thomas, C., & Yechieli, R. (2017). Burnout Evaluation of Radiation Residents Nationwide: Results of a Survey of United States Residents. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 99(3), 530–538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.014
Sarmiento G. (2019). Burnout en el servicio de emergencia de un hospital. Horizonte Médico, 19(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n1.11
Secada, M., González, A., Medero, C., & Montenegro, D. (2021). Autocuidado del cuidador principal de enfermos con cáncer de cerebro en tiempos de covid-19. Anatomía Digital, 4(1), 113–224. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i1.1534
Shen, A., Wang, Y., & Qiang, W. (2020). A Multicenter Investigation of Caring Behaviors and Burnout among Oncology Nurses in China. Cancer Nursing, 43(5), E246–E253. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000680
Soltan, M. R., Soliman, S. S., Al-Hassanin, S. A., ElSherief, W. A., Elnaggar, M. S., & Gohar, S. F. (2020). Burnout and work stress among medical oncologists: Egyptian multi-centric study. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00046-9
Tetzlaff, E., Hylton, H., Demora, L., Ruth, K., & Wong, Y. (2018). National Study of burnout and Career Satisfaction Among Physician Assistants in Oncology: Implications for Team-Based Care. Journal of oncology practice, 14(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP
Urrútia, G., & Bonfill, X. (2010). PRISMA declaration: A proposal to improve the publication of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicina Clínica, 135(11), 507–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2010.01.015
Vega, P., Rodriguez, R., Galdamez, N., Molina, C., Orellana, J., Villanueva, A., & Melo, J. (2017). Supporting in grief and burnout of the nursing team from pediatric units in Chilean hospitals. Revista Da Escola de Enfermagem, 51, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2017004303289
Yates, M., & Samuel, V. (2019). Burnout in oncologists and associated factors: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Cancer Care 28, (3), 1–19. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.13094
Yust-Katz, S., O’Brien, B., Vera, E., Acquaye, A., Weller, M., & Armstrong, T. (2020). Burnout and career satisfaction in neuro-oncology: A survey of the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology memberships. Neuro-Oncology, 22(6), 838–850. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz229
Cañadas, G. A., Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Ortega-Campos, E. M., Cañadas, G. R., Albendín-García, L., & de la Fuente-Solana, E. I. (2018). Prevalence of burnout syndrome in oncology nursing: A meta-analytic study. Psycho-Oncology, 27(5), 1426–1433. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4632
Cavalcanti, I., López F, Souza, T., & Silva, M. (2018). Burnout e depressão em residentes de um Programa Multiprofissional em Oncologia: estudio longitudinal prospectivo. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 42(1), 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-52712018v42n1rb20170078
Chagñay, G., & Córdova, M. (2021). Estrés Postraumático, Síndrome de la Cabaña, Covid 19 y Psicología Positiva: Caso Práctico. Anatomía Digital, 4(3.1), 138–153. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i3.1.1906
Cumbe, V., Pala, A., Palha, A., Gaio, A., Esteves, M., Mari, J., & Wainberg, M. (2017). Burnout syndrome and coping strategies in Portuguese oncology health care providers. Revista de Psiquiatría Clínica, 44(5), 122–126. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000135
Dahn, H., McGibbon, A., & Bowes, D. (2019). Burnout and Resiliency in Canadian Oncology Residents: A Nationwide Resident and Program director Survey. Practical Radiation Oncology, 9(1), 118–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prro.2018.08.001
De la Fuente, E., Pradas-Hernández, L., Ramiro-Salmerón, A., Suleiman-Martos, N., Gómez-Urquiza, J., Albendín-García, L., & Fuente, G. (2020). Burnout syndrome in pediatric oncology nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare, 8(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030309
Gordón, P., Córdova, M., Villacrés, E., & Barreno, E. (2021). La edad y la resiliencia en el personal de salud que atiende pacientes con Covid-19. Caso de la ciudad de Ambato. Anatomía Digital, 4(2), 122–131. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i2.1669
Gribben, L., & Semple, C. (2021). Prevalence and predictors of burnout and work-life balance within the hematology cancer nursing workforce. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 52(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101973
Guo, Q., & Zheng, R. (2019). Assessing oncology nurses’ attitudes towards death and the prevalence of burnout: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 42(1), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2019.08.002
Jais, F., Choo, T., Kahan, H., Shahbudin, S., Abdul-Mumin, K., & Rahman, H. (2021). Psychosocial factors and burnout among oncology nurses in Brunei Darussalam: A pilot study. Belitung Nursing Journal, 7(5), 418–424. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1519
Kust, D., Murgic, J., Vukovic, P., Kruljac, I., Prpic, M., Zilic, A., Lengyel, C., Wdowiak, K., Simaskaite, L., Gunaydin, M., Ivana., Sedlar, T., Fountzilas, E., Janzic, U., Coroian, I., Durutovic, I., Pellegrino, B., Petrova, M., Huti, E., Luetic, K. (2022). Oncology Burnout Syndrome in Eastern Europe: Result of the Multinational Survey. Práctica de Oncología JCO, 16(1), 202–213. https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP.19
Lee, Y., Maeng, C., Kim, D. Y., & Kim, B. (2020). Perspectives on professional burnout and occupational stress among medical oncologists: A cross-sectional survey by Korean Society for Medical Oncology (KSMO). Cancer Research and Treatment, 52(4), 1002–1009. https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.190
Mampuya, W., Matsuo, Y., Nakamura, A., & Hiraoka, M. (2017). Evaluation of the prevalence of burnout and psychological morbidity among radiation oncologist members of the Kyoto Radiation Oncology Study Group (KROSG). Journal of Radiation Research, 58(2), 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrw094
Martínez, A. (2010). El síndrome de Burnout. Evolución conceptual y estado actual de la cuestión. Vivat Academia, 1(112), 42-80. https://doi.org/10.15178/va.2010.112.42-80
Paiva, B., Mingardi, M., Valentino, T., de Oliveira, M., & Paiva, C. (2021). Prevalence of burnout and predictive factors among oncology nursing professionals: A cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 139(4), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0606.R1.1202021
Ramey, S., Ahmed, A., Takita, C., Wilson, L., Thomas, C., & Yechieli, R. (2017). Burnout Evaluation of Radiation Residents Nationwide: Results of a Survey of United States Residents. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 99(3), 530–538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.014
Sarmiento G. (2019). Burnout en el servicio de emergencia de un hospital. Horizonte Médico, 19(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n1.11
Secada, M., González, A., Medero, C., & Montenegro, D. (2021). Autocuidado del cuidador principal de enfermos con cáncer de cerebro en tiempos de covid-19. Anatomía Digital, 4(1), 113–224. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v4i1.1534
Shen, A., Wang, Y., & Qiang, W. (2020). A Multicenter Investigation of Caring Behaviors and Burnout among Oncology Nurses in China. Cancer Nursing, 43(5), E246–E253. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000680
Soltan, M. R., Soliman, S. S., Al-Hassanin, S. A., ElSherief, W. A., Elnaggar, M. S., & Gohar, S. F. (2020). Burnout and work stress among medical oncologists: Egyptian multi-centric study. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00046-9
Tetzlaff, E., Hylton, H., Demora, L., Ruth, K., & Wong, Y. (2018). National Study of burnout and Career Satisfaction Among Physician Assistants in Oncology: Implications for Team-Based Care. Journal of oncology practice, 14(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP
Urrútia, G., & Bonfill, X. (2010). PRISMA declaration: A proposal to improve the publication of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicina Clínica, 135(11), 507–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2010.01.015
Vega, P., Rodriguez, R., Galdamez, N., Molina, C., Orellana, J., Villanueva, A., & Melo, J. (2017). Supporting in grief and burnout of the nursing team from pediatric units in Chilean hospitals. Revista Da Escola de Enfermagem, 51, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2017004303289
Yates, M., & Samuel, V. (2019). Burnout in oncologists and associated factors: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Cancer Care 28, (3), 1–19. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.13094
Yust-Katz, S., O’Brien, B., Vera, E., Acquaye, A., Weller, M., & Armstrong, T. (2020). Burnout and career satisfaction in neuro-oncology: A survey of the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology memberships. Neuro-Oncology, 22(6), 838–850. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz229