Antiemetic efficacy of maropitant citrate in Felis catus premedicated with xylazine+tramadol or dexmedetomidine + tramadol in orchiectomies

Abstract

Introduction. The casuistry of feline patients has experienced a remarkable increase in the veterinary clinic. It is important to note that not all cats are docile during medical management; most tend to show aggressive and nervous behaviors. These attitudes have sometimes led to the need to sedate the patient, either for short or prolonged procedures. However, in some cases, it is not possible to implement the necessary fasting on the part of the patient. Consequently, the use of alpha-2 adrenergic agonist sedatives in feline premedication often leads to vomiting, even in those patients who have observed the recommended fasting, which in certain situations can lead to complications such as aspiration pneumonias, esophagitis, and difficulties during endotracheal intubation. Objective. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of maropitant citrate used in two premedication protocols (xylazine + tramadol) and (dexmedetomidine + tramadol) in male felines undergoing orchiectomy surgeries.  Methodology. This investigation was performed in young cats 6-24 months of age, fasting for 8 hours, with ASA I classification. A sample of 40 felines was taken, all cats were administered maropitant citrate at a dose of 1mg/kg SC, one hour before premedication, then divided into 2 study groups of 20 cats each. Group 1 was. Results. In this study, in the results obtained, there were 2 cases of Sialorrhea in the first treatment (10%), compared to 1 case in the second (5%) (p=0.548); no animal licked its lips in the first treatment (0%), while in the second case, 1 animal (5%) presented this sign (p=0.311); With respect to arcada, no animal (0%) in the two cases showed this sign (p>0.999); there were no statistical differences in the sum of the negative signs (p>0.999). There was no case of Emesis in the young cats aged 6-24 months treated with maropitant (1mg/kg). Conclusion.  The use of maropitant citrate SC controls vomiting in young cats premedicated with alpha 2 adrenergics. Area of study: (veterinary medicine, anesthesia, premedication, etc.).