Therapeutic management of gallbladder disorders in pregnant women

Abstract

Introduction: Gallbladder disorders in pregnancy are currently considered one of the most common non-obstetric abdominal pathologies, being a public health problem. The presence of gallstones is more frequent in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women, due to the physiological and hormonal changes experienced by women at this stage, which predisposes to the appearance of gallbladder pathologies, affecting the normal course of pregnancy. The delay in the management of these diseases implies an increase in morbidity in this population group. Objective: To analyze the current guidelines and recommendations on the therapeutic management of bladder disorders in pregnant women. Methodology: Bibliographic research with a qualitative approach of descriptive scope with research published in the last 5 years; 35 documents with scientific validity obtained from regional and high impact databases in English and Spanish were reviewed. Results: There is controversy in the choice of treatment, there are several therapeutic options including conservative management and surgical approach. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is beneficial and safe in any trimester of gestation with low maternal-fetal complication rates of 3.5%. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe method of choice for those patients with symptomatology and/or complications of biliary pathology, while the conservative approach is reserved for asymptomatic patients. General area of study: Medicine. Specific area of study: General Surgery. Type of study: Bibliographic Review