Cortisol as a stress hormone and its relationship with immunoglobulins A and E

Abstract

Introduction: Cortisol, the primary stress hormone, facilitates immune system functioning. However, prolonged cortisol production is harmful, as it could impair the immune response, including immunoglobulins A and E alterations. Objective: To analyze the cortisol alterations produced by stress and its affection to immunoglobulins A and E. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted with a descriptive approach, using search strategies in indexed databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, Redalyc, Medigraphic, and the virtual library of the Catholic University of Cuenca. A total of 52 documents were reviewed, and 34 articles and books meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Results: The results show a relationship between the immune reactions induced by the chronic effects of stress and alterations in immunoglobulin A and E levels. Conclusion: Studies have demonstrated the indissoluble interrelationship among the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, leading to pathophysiological patterns and a significant correlation between low immunoglobulin A and E production in patients with prolonged chronic and acute stress that induces elevated cortisol levels.