Biopolymers: Scaffold Applications in Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

Biopolymers have become an indispensable tool for the development of regenerative medicine, their broad spectrum has allowed the emergence of new techniques for the generation of scaffolds of various sizes, shapes, with unique structural characteristics capable of generating and innovating new treatments before catastrophic diseases, its application by all branches of research such as neurology, endocrinology, in the cardiovascular area, for tissue repair or organ donation has produced its application as drug conductors or transporters to achieve a guided release increasing the effectiveness and reducing adverse effects in the case of cancer treatments. The objective of this review is to know the fundamentals of regenerative medicine, the advances produced from the use of biopolymers as a tool capable of developing functional biomaterials, types, synthesis mode and applicability in treatments. This research was carried out from the compilation of scientific articles related to the area of ​​public health and the application of functional scaffolds as therapy. The functionalization of scaffolds lies in the use of biocompatible polymers capable of binding to a substrate in a controlled environment for the development of a cellular matrix, generating the production of a specific tissue according to the target cells that have been investigated, thanks to this the possible rejection of a graft produced with the same cells of the patient allows the appearance of structures such as blood vessels or biocompatible organs. This work recapitulates the importance of the use of biopolymers in medicine, production techniques, their structure, form and most important applications for the treatment against diseases.