Microbial quality of Lactuca sativa in the 9 de octubre market in the city of Cuenca-Ecuador

Abstract

Introduction: Fungi and yeasts are organisms of great clinical interest since they originate toxic substances for human health (mycotoxins). Enteroparasites are intestinal infections caused by parasites. The primary source of transmission of these microorganisms is raw food. Lettuce is a crucial cultivated vegetable worldwide, as it is part of a healthy diet. Objective: To determine the presence of molds, yeasts, and parasites in Lactuca sativa (lettuce) sold in the ‘9 de Octubre’ market, located in the historic center of Cuenca, province of Azuay. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted through the analysis of vegetables sold in the ‘9 de Octubre’ market. Compact Dry YM plates and microscopy were used to identify and quantify fungi in the 30 lettuce samples collected to determine the existence of parasites. Results: Based on the study, the growth of molds and yeasts was evidenced in the 30 samples analyzed. It was demonstrated that they are suitable for human consumption since they are within the permissible limits of the Basque Government regulations. On the other hand, in the parasitic analysis, about 60% of the samples showed Entamoeba coli cysts. Conclusion: The contamination of yeasts, molds, and parasites in lettuce was determined, demonstrating that this public establishment does not have a correct hygienic practice. This contamination can occur at any stage, during cultivation, transport, and/or storage and handling by vendors. General study area: Biochemistry and Pharmacy. Specific area of study: Food microbiology. Study type: Original article.