Apical locators and their impact on reducing endodontic failures

Abstract

Apical locators are essential tools used during endodontic treatment in order to check the working length of root canals, allowing the endodontist to accurately identify the position of the apex and contributing to the reduction of failures during treatment. To develop this topic, various articles were investigated using a qualitative methodology from various sources such as PubMed, Scielo, Elsevier and Google Scholar. Demonstrating that LAs are highly effective in determining working length compared to conventional methods. Introduction.  Apical locators are devices that have been shown to provide precision and effectiveness in endodontic treatments compared to conventional techniques, and have shown a reduction in endodontic failures resulting from unsuccessful treatment and rehabilitation of a tooth. From the first consultation, it is crucial to make an accurate diagnosis of the tooth's conditions and apply the appropriate biological principles and protocols to avoid complications during the procedure. Objective. Determine the impact of the use of apical locators on the reduction of endodontic failures Methodology.  This research study used appropriate methods and focused on academic and scientific databases, it contains a type of qualitative research where a comprehensive review of publications from 2013 to 2023 was carried out in an organized manner. The analysis focused on two variables: the use of apical locators (independent variable) and endodontic failures (dependent variable). The research design is considered descriptive since its objective is to systematically collect, summarize and present the information existing in the scientific and bibliographic literature. Results.  In 1962, apical locators were developed as an alternative to conventional techniques for measuring root canal length. These devices use electrical signals to determine the position of the apex of the tooth and the length of the root canal, being more precise and comfortable for the patient. In addition, they avoid exposure to radiation, a risk of conventional radiographic techniques. Third generation apical locators can achieve accuracies greater than 90%. Conclusion.  Endodontic treatment failures may be due to several factors, such as the skills of the endodontist, the complexity of the case, and inadequate disinfection. Although the failure rate has decreased due to technological advances, persistent cases of infection can still lead to treatment failures. Next-generation apical locators use advanced technology, such as electronic resistance and impedance measurement, to achieve precise root canal localization. This helps avoid complications such as perforations and bacteria buildup, improving the effectiveness and safety of the procedure.