Physiotherapeutic intervention in patients with burns, a narrative review

Abstract

Introduction: a burn is the damage that the skin and tissues suffer from a hot stimulus. They are divided depending on the damage, ranging from 1st degree to 4th degree. In Ecuador, a study was conducted at the Baca Ortiz Hospital in the city of Quito where there is a reference that, of a total of 343 pediatric patients with burns. Burn scars remain a chronic problem after burn injuries, and symptomatic scars most commonly develop after deep or large surface burns that take more than three weeks to heal. Rehabilitation was once considered an afterthought treatment but has now been shown to be effective and beneficial for a variety of diseases and disorders and is recognized as an essential aspect of patients' good functional prognosis. Objective: Review the available scientific evidence on early physiotherapy intervention for the recovery and rehabilitation of burn patients. Methodology: A narrative review of the literature was conducted from a professional perspective of Physiotherapist – Psychology. The bibliographic review of documents in the Scopus, Google Scholar and SciELO databases. A total of 20 articles were selected, in English and Spanish, the descriptors Physiotherapy, kinesiotherapy, exercise and burns were used. Discussion: Treatment protocols and guidelines are proposed, from mild to severe burns that require hospitalization and surgical intervention with a multidisciplinary health team so that the patient has comprehensive care. Conclusion: We can maintain that physiotherapy and rehabilitation treatment in patients with burns, regardless of the degree, is timely and effective if it has the respective assessment and rehabilitative approach, such as recovering ranges of mobility or at the same time improving quality of life in patients from the Comprehensive rehabilitation point of view with a multidisciplinary team. General Study Area: Physiotherapy. Specific study area: Rehabilitative treatment in patients with burns. Study type: Original article.