Updated classification of maxillary anterior dentition affected by dental erosion: a literature review

Abstract

Introduction. Dental erosion is a pathology characterized by the irreversible loss of dental structure due to certain non-bacterial acids. These acids may originate from internal sources such as gastroesophageal reflux and vomiting, among others. They can also come from external sources like alcohol consumption and acidic beverages. In addition, there is a relationship with bruxism, which can exacerbate dental erosion, attrition, abrasion, abfraction, and multiple combined factors, significantly compromising oral health. Objective. To consider the updated classification of maxillary anterior dentition affected by dental erosion. Methodology. This study was conducted as a descriptive investigative review. Searches were conducted in indexed databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and Google Scholar, using relevant keywords and Boolean operators. Zotero software was used for bibliography management. Results. A total of forty-three studies were reviewed. The findings highlighted the effectiveness of the Tooth Wear Index (TWI), BEWE System, and ACE classification in evaluating dental erosion in the maxillary anterior dentition. These classifications provide clear and practical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment based on the severity and extent of dental wear, significantly improving the ability of dental health professionals to address this condition. Conclusion. TWI, BEWE System, and ACE classification effectively evaluate dental erosion.