Corono-apical microfiltration of Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic teeth

Abstract

Introduction. The use of antimicrobial agents and the application of a good technique in the obturation of the canal system are fundamental for the success of endodontic treatments since they prevent the entry, proliferation, and migration of bacteria from inside the canals to the periapical tissues. Objective. This literature review aimed to analyze the coronoapical microleakage of Enterococcus faecalis in endodontically treated teeth. as well as to determine the prevalence of E. faecalis in the root canal system with endodontic treatment, to identify materials and techniques used in endodontics and, finally, to describe the causes of endodontic failure. Methodology. A comprehensive search was performed in Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases, selecting 57 scientific articles among experimental, descriptive, and observational published between 2013 and 2023, according to the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Results. Most authors highlight E. faecalis as the main prevalent microorganism in teeth with endodontic failure due to its ability to synthesize proteins that allow it to survive in adverse conditions within the dentinal tubules; however, recent results of in vitro experimental studies integrate Propionibacterium, Actinomyces. Conclusion. It is concluded that a good chemical-mechanical preparation of root canals, using NaClO at 5.25% with EDTA at 17%, plus the application of the thermoplastic obturation technique, which provides a complete seal in the apical portion, and finally performing a provisional restoration with excellent marginal adaptation, anticipates a 90% success rate in endodontic treatment.