Clinical and radiographic evaluation of endodontic treatments: a case series

Abstract

Introduction: the success of endodontic treatment depends on multiple factors, such as disinfection of the root canal system, quality of the filling, and coronal rehabilitation, evaluated using clinical and radiographic criteria. However, anatomical, microbiological and procedural variables can influence prognosis, conditioning favorable or unfavorable results in endodontic therapy. Objectives: the objective of this study was to evaluate clinically and radiographically the success and failure of endodontic treatments through a series of clinical cases. Methodology: a retrospective descriptive case series study was conducted in patients treated at the postgraduate course in endodontics at the Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador. Treatments included chamber access, biomechanical instrumentation, irrigation with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, use of intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide in indicated cases, and filling with gutta-percha and sealant cement. In specific situations, retreatments, management of accessory canals, instrumentation of complex anatomies, and use of bioactive materials were performed. Clinical and radiographic follow-up allowed the evolution of periapical lesions to be assessed. Results: the results using quantifiable parameters showed that most cases presented resolution of clinical symptoms and signs of periapical bone repair. Factors such as the location of unidentified ducts, adequate management of complications, and effective disinfection positively influenced the prognosis. However, bacterial persistence and anatomical complexity were associated with unfavorable outcomes. Conclusions: concluding that the success of endodontic treatment requires a comprehensive approach based on accurate diagnosis, anatomical knowledge, adequate protocols, and long-term clinical/radiographic follow-up. General area of study: Dentistry. Specific area of study: Endodontics. Article type: case study.