Impact of stem cell-based therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Abstract

Introduction: In the introduction, the complexity of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) was addressed, highlighting its chronic and multifactorial nature, as well as the limitations of conventional therapies. The growing interest in stem cell-based therapy, especially in Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), due to its regenerative capacity and immunomodulatory effects, was mentioned. Objective: 1. To investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which stem cell therapy influences intestinal plasticity in patients with IBD. 2. To analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of stem cell therapy for the treatment of IBD. 3. To compare the clinical outcomes of stem cell therapy for IBD with other conventional treatments. Methodology: The methods included a systematic review of the scientific literature in relevant databases up to April 2024, with specific inclusion criteria to select relevant studies. Clinical and experimental studies related to the application of stem cells in the treatment of IBD were analyzed. Results: The results highlighted the exponential growth of research in this field in recent years, with multiple clinical studies exploring the safety, efficacy and mechanisms of action of MSC therapy. Challenges were identified in the standardization of treatment protocols and clinical implementation due to variability in dosage and delivery methods. Conclusions: The conclusions highlighted the promise of stem cell therapy in the treatment of IBD, but also the need for further research to better understand its benefits and optimize its clinical use. The importance of standardizing treatment protocols and improving understanding of stem cell mechanisms of action in the context of IBD was emphasized. General area of study: Medicine. Specific area of study: Internal medicine/ Gastroenterology. Type of study:  Review article.