Determinación de la actividad antimicótica de los aceites esenciales de eucalipto, molle y romero sobre (Fusarium sp; Pythium sp; Rhizoctonia sp y Sclerotium sp.), agentes causales del mal de almacigo en condiciones de laboratorio

Resumen

Introduction: The proliferation of a large number of fungi, diseases, and pests, due to the imbalance of soil mycostasis, is due to the irrational use of pesticides, fungicides, and the use of inefficient agronomic practices, such as monoculture, traditional sowing, and deforestation. Factors that have caused serious problems in environmental balance and human health. One of the possible alternatives to regulate this imbalance is the application of extracts of plant origin to control fungi, pests, and diseases in crops. Objectives: “The objective of this research was to determine the antifungal activity and the inhibition capacity of the extraction process of the essential oils of Eucalyptus, molle and rosemary, on fungi (Fusarium sp. Pythium sp. Rhizoctonia sp. and Sclerotium sp.), causal agents of almacigo disease Damping off. Applying the Methodology: isolation, analysis of variance, Completely Randomized Design (DCA),” separation of means and 5% Tukey test, Determination of effective dose 50, Inhibition capacity, Linear regression analysis; obtaining the following. Results: “The fungi under study are slow growing, no pathogen was able to populate the surface of the Petri dish from 24 to 120 hours, the radial growth rate being presented in the following order: Pythium sp. with 32mm, Rhizoctonia sp. with 30.82 mm, Fusarium sp. with 23.42mm and finally Sclerotium sp with 19 mm. The best treatments were the distillates of Eucalyptus, Molle and Rosemary and the wastewater fraction of Rosemary, which managed to inhibit 91.46%; 93.48% and 94.26% on Fusarium Sp., Phytium Sp., Rhizoctonia sp. and Sclerotium sp. respectively. Conclusions: “The use of essential oils is efficient for pest control, so making a comparison with the Benomyl fungicide by determining the effective dose of 50%, it is advisable to use extracts and distillates to avoid causing health problems. and environmental effects. General study area: Phytopathology. Specific study area: Antifungal Activity.