Clarification of wastewater from the dairy industry based on prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica) as a natural coagulant
Article Sidebar
Published:
Aug 5, 2021
Keywords:
Clarificación/Tratamiento de aguas residuales/ Opuntia ficus indica / Coagulación/Industria láctea.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. The use of natural coagulants emerges as an ecological alternative for both domestic and industrial wastewater treatment. Objetives. The present work investigates the clarification of a wastewater from a dairy industry, in the province of Pastaza, Ecuador, using prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) as a natural coagulant agent. Methodology. It was studied the coagulation in samples of one litre of wastewater through a standard jar testing equipment, modifying the coagulant concentration (1-2 w%) and volume of coagulant (5-35 ml). The parameters analyzed were turbidity, color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), total solids (ST) and fecal coliforms (FC), data compared with the Unified Text regulations. of Secondary Environmental Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA). Results. It was found that the optimal dosage was 20 ml of coagulant solution at 2% (400 ppm). The removal efficiencies found were 77.8% in turbidity, 51.8% in color, 26.8% in COD, 13.9% in BOD, 31.0% in SS, 26.4% in ST and 99.96% in CF. Conclusion. The results show that the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) can be used as pretreatment of wastewater from a dairy industry.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Article Details
How to Cite
Borja Mayorga, D. F., Chuiza Rojas, M. R., & Andrade Avalos, M. L. (2021). Clarification of wastewater from the dairy industry based on prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica) as a natural coagulant. ConcienciaDigital, 4(3.1), 177-189. https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v4i3.1.1821
Section
Artículos
References
Barka N, Ouzaouit K, Abdennouri M, El Makhfouk M, (2013). Dried prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) cladodes as a low-cost and eco-friendly biosorbent for dyes removal from aqueous solutions, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 44, pp. 52-60.
Buntner D, Sánchez A, Garrido JM, (2013). Feasibility of combined UASB and MBR system in dairy wastewater treatment at ambient temperatures, Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 230, pp. 475-481.
Chen W, Liu J, (2012). The possibility and applicability of coagulation-MBR hybrid system in reclamation of dairy wastewater, Desalination, 285, pp. 226-231.
Choudhary M, Ray MB, Neogi S, (2019). Evaluation of the Potential Application of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) as a Bio-coagulant for Pre-treatment of Oil Sands Process- Affected Water, Separation and Purification Technology, 209, pp. 714-724.
Diaz A , Rincon N , Escorihuela A , Fernandez N , Chacin E , Forster CF, (1999). A preliminary evaluation of turbidity removal by natural coagulants indigenous to Venezuela, Process Biochemestry, 35, pp. 391-395.
Djerroud N, Adjeroud N, Felkai-Haddache L, Hammoui Y, Remini H, Dahmoune F, Merzouk B, Madani K, (2018). Enhanced electrocoagulation–electroflotation for turbidity removal by Opuntia ficus indica cladode mucilage, Water and Environmental Journal, Vol. 32, 3, pp. 321-332.
El-Mostafa K, El Kharrassi Y, Badreddine A, Andreoletti P, Vamecq J, El Kebbaj M, Latruffe N, Lizard G, Nasser B, Cherkaoui-Malki M, (2014). Nopal Cactus (Opuntia ficus- indica) as a Source of Bioactive Compounds for Nutrition, Health and Disease, Molecules, 19, 14879-14901.
Formentini-Schmitt DM, Dias AC, Veit MT, Bergamasco R, Salcedo AM, Fagundes-Klen MR, (2013). Ultrafiltration Combined with Coagulation / Flocculation / Sedimentation using Moringa oleifera as Coagulant to Treat Dairy Industry Wastewater, Water Air Soil Pollut, 224, pp. 1682-1691.
Gade A, Gaikwad S, Tiwari V, Yadav A, Ingle A, Rai M, (2010). Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles by Opuntia ficus-indica: In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Study of the Mechanism Involved in the Synthesis, Current Nanoscience, 6, 4, pp. 370-375.
Geetha M, Dumaran JJ, Feroz S, (2012). Dairy Wastewater Treatment Using Low Molecular Weight Crab Shell chitosan, Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India) Series E, 93, 1, pp. 9-14.
Gomes L, Troiani EP, Malpass G, Jorge Nozaki J, (2016). Opuntia ficus indica as a polyelectrolyte source for the treatment of tannery wastewater, Desalination and Water Treatment, 57, 22, 10181-10187.
Kaewsuk J, Thorasampan W, Thanuttamavong M, Seo GT, (2010). bKinetic development and evaluation of membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) with mixed cultures photosynthetic bacteria for dairy wastewater treatment, Journal of Environmental Management, 91, pp. 1161-1168.
Karadag D, Oguz Emre Köroğlu OE, Ozkaya B, Cakmakci M, (2015). A review on anaerobic biofilm reactors for the treatment ofdairy industry wastewater, Process Biochemistry, 50, 2, pp. 262-271.
Kushwaha JP, Srivastava VC, Mall ID, (2010). Treatment of dairy wastewater by commercial activated carbon and bagasse fly ash: Parametric, kinetic and equilibrium modelling, disposal studies, Bioresource Technology, 101, pp. 3474-3483.
Kushwaha JP, Srivastava VC, Mall ID, (2010). Treatment of dairy wastewater by inorganic coagulants: Parametric and disposal studies, Water Research, 44, pp. 5867-5874.
Kushwaha JP, Srivastava VC, Mall ID, (2011). Studies on Electrochemical Treatment of Dairy Wastewater Using Aluminum Electrode, American Institute of Chemical Engineers Journal, 57, 2, pp. 2589-2598.
Louati I, Fersi M, Hadrich B, Ghariani B, Nasri M, Mechichi T, (2018). Prickly pear cactus cladodes powder of Opuntia ficus indica as a cost effective biosorbent for dyes removal from aqueous solutions, Biotech, 8, pp. 477-486.
Lozoya Castillo DL, Castillo-Hernández SL, Hernández- Marín DA, Rivas-Morales C, Sánchez-García E, (2018). Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana, antiinflamatoria y antioxidante de subproductos de Opuntia ficus-indica y Mangifera indica, Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, 3, pp. 139-144.
Luo J, Ding LH, 2011, Influence of pH on treatment of dairy wastewater by nanofiltration using shear-enhanced filtration system, Desalination, 278, pp. 150-156.
NTE INEN 518, (1981). Harinas de origen vegetal. Determinación de la pérdida por calentamiento Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/ (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 520, (2013). Harinas de origen vegetal.. Determinación de ceniza.. Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/, (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 522, 2013, Harinas de origen vegetal. Determinación de la fibra cruda. Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana. Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec / descarga/ , (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 523, 1981, Harinas de origen vegetal. Determinación de la grasa. Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/ (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 1670, 1988, QUINUA. Determinación de la proteína total (proteína cruda). Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/ (2019, 1 de Abril).
Onditi M, Adelodun A, Changamu EO, Ngila JC, (2016). Removal of Pb2 and Cd2 from drinking water using polysaccharide extract isolated from cactus pads (Opuntia ficus indica), Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 133, 38, pp. 43913-43911.
Sarkar B, Chakrabarti PP, Vijaykumar A., Kale V, (2006) Wastewater treatment in dairy industries -possibility of reuse, Desalination, 195, pp.141-152.
Selmer-Olsen E, Ratnaweera HC, Pehrsonv R, (1996). A novel treatment process for Dairy wastewater with chitosan produced from shrimp-shell waste, Water Science and Technology, 34, 11, pp. 33-40.
TULSMA, (2015). Ministerio del Ambiente. Consultado el 10 de enero de 2019 de:……http://www.industrias.ec/archivos/CIG/file/CARTELERA/Reforma%20Anexo%2028%20feb%202014%20FINAL.pdf.
Villabona A, Paz IC, Martínez J, (2013). Caracterización de la Opuntia ficus-indica para su uso como coagulante natural, Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, XV, 1, 137-144.
Vourch M, Balannec B, Chaufer B, Dorange G, (2008) Treatment of dairy industry wastewater by reverse osmosis for water reuse, Desalination, 219, pp. 190-202.
Wan J, Chakraborty T, Xu C, Ray MB, (2019). Treatment train for tailings pond water using Opuntia ficus-indica as coagulant, Separation and Purification Technology, Vol. 211, pp. 448-455.
Yavuz Y, Ocal E, Koparal AS, Ogutveren UB, (2011). Treatment of dairy industry wastewater by EC and EF processes using hybrid Fe–Al plate electrodes, Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 86, pp. 964-969.
Buntner D, Sánchez A, Garrido JM, (2013). Feasibility of combined UASB and MBR system in dairy wastewater treatment at ambient temperatures, Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 230, pp. 475-481.
Chen W, Liu J, (2012). The possibility and applicability of coagulation-MBR hybrid system in reclamation of dairy wastewater, Desalination, 285, pp. 226-231.
Choudhary M, Ray MB, Neogi S, (2019). Evaluation of the Potential Application of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) as a Bio-coagulant for Pre-treatment of Oil Sands Process- Affected Water, Separation and Purification Technology, 209, pp. 714-724.
Diaz A , Rincon N , Escorihuela A , Fernandez N , Chacin E , Forster CF, (1999). A preliminary evaluation of turbidity removal by natural coagulants indigenous to Venezuela, Process Biochemestry, 35, pp. 391-395.
Djerroud N, Adjeroud N, Felkai-Haddache L, Hammoui Y, Remini H, Dahmoune F, Merzouk B, Madani K, (2018). Enhanced electrocoagulation–electroflotation for turbidity removal by Opuntia ficus indica cladode mucilage, Water and Environmental Journal, Vol. 32, 3, pp. 321-332.
El-Mostafa K, El Kharrassi Y, Badreddine A, Andreoletti P, Vamecq J, El Kebbaj M, Latruffe N, Lizard G, Nasser B, Cherkaoui-Malki M, (2014). Nopal Cactus (Opuntia ficus- indica) as a Source of Bioactive Compounds for Nutrition, Health and Disease, Molecules, 19, 14879-14901.
Formentini-Schmitt DM, Dias AC, Veit MT, Bergamasco R, Salcedo AM, Fagundes-Klen MR, (2013). Ultrafiltration Combined with Coagulation / Flocculation / Sedimentation using Moringa oleifera as Coagulant to Treat Dairy Industry Wastewater, Water Air Soil Pollut, 224, pp. 1682-1691.
Gade A, Gaikwad S, Tiwari V, Yadav A, Ingle A, Rai M, (2010). Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles by Opuntia ficus-indica: In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Study of the Mechanism Involved in the Synthesis, Current Nanoscience, 6, 4, pp. 370-375.
Geetha M, Dumaran JJ, Feroz S, (2012). Dairy Wastewater Treatment Using Low Molecular Weight Crab Shell chitosan, Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India) Series E, 93, 1, pp. 9-14.
Gomes L, Troiani EP, Malpass G, Jorge Nozaki J, (2016). Opuntia ficus indica as a polyelectrolyte source for the treatment of tannery wastewater, Desalination and Water Treatment, 57, 22, 10181-10187.
Kaewsuk J, Thorasampan W, Thanuttamavong M, Seo GT, (2010). bKinetic development and evaluation of membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) with mixed cultures photosynthetic bacteria for dairy wastewater treatment, Journal of Environmental Management, 91, pp. 1161-1168.
Karadag D, Oguz Emre Köroğlu OE, Ozkaya B, Cakmakci M, (2015). A review on anaerobic biofilm reactors for the treatment ofdairy industry wastewater, Process Biochemistry, 50, 2, pp. 262-271.
Kushwaha JP, Srivastava VC, Mall ID, (2010). Treatment of dairy wastewater by commercial activated carbon and bagasse fly ash: Parametric, kinetic and equilibrium modelling, disposal studies, Bioresource Technology, 101, pp. 3474-3483.
Kushwaha JP, Srivastava VC, Mall ID, (2010). Treatment of dairy wastewater by inorganic coagulants: Parametric and disposal studies, Water Research, 44, pp. 5867-5874.
Kushwaha JP, Srivastava VC, Mall ID, (2011). Studies on Electrochemical Treatment of Dairy Wastewater Using Aluminum Electrode, American Institute of Chemical Engineers Journal, 57, 2, pp. 2589-2598.
Louati I, Fersi M, Hadrich B, Ghariani B, Nasri M, Mechichi T, (2018). Prickly pear cactus cladodes powder of Opuntia ficus indica as a cost effective biosorbent for dyes removal from aqueous solutions, Biotech, 8, pp. 477-486.
Lozoya Castillo DL, Castillo-Hernández SL, Hernández- Marín DA, Rivas-Morales C, Sánchez-García E, (2018). Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana, antiinflamatoria y antioxidante de subproductos de Opuntia ficus-indica y Mangifera indica, Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, 3, pp. 139-144.
Luo J, Ding LH, 2011, Influence of pH on treatment of dairy wastewater by nanofiltration using shear-enhanced filtration system, Desalination, 278, pp. 150-156.
NTE INEN 518, (1981). Harinas de origen vegetal. Determinación de la pérdida por calentamiento Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/ (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 520, (2013). Harinas de origen vegetal.. Determinación de ceniza.. Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/, (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 522, 2013, Harinas de origen vegetal. Determinación de la fibra cruda. Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana. Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec / descarga/ , (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 523, 1981, Harinas de origen vegetal. Determinación de la grasa. Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/ (2019, 1 de Abril).
NTE INEN 1670, 1988, QUINUA. Determinación de la proteína total (proteína cruda). Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana, Primera edición. Disponible en: http://apps.normalizacion.gob.ec/descarga/ (2019, 1 de Abril).
Onditi M, Adelodun A, Changamu EO, Ngila JC, (2016). Removal of Pb2 and Cd2 from drinking water using polysaccharide extract isolated from cactus pads (Opuntia ficus indica), Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 133, 38, pp. 43913-43911.
Sarkar B, Chakrabarti PP, Vijaykumar A., Kale V, (2006) Wastewater treatment in dairy industries -possibility of reuse, Desalination, 195, pp.141-152.
Selmer-Olsen E, Ratnaweera HC, Pehrsonv R, (1996). A novel treatment process for Dairy wastewater with chitosan produced from shrimp-shell waste, Water Science and Technology, 34, 11, pp. 33-40.
TULSMA, (2015). Ministerio del Ambiente. Consultado el 10 de enero de 2019 de:……http://www.industrias.ec/archivos/CIG/file/CARTELERA/Reforma%20Anexo%2028%20feb%202014%20FINAL.pdf.
Villabona A, Paz IC, Martínez J, (2013). Caracterización de la Opuntia ficus-indica para su uso como coagulante natural, Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, XV, 1, 137-144.
Vourch M, Balannec B, Chaufer B, Dorange G, (2008) Treatment of dairy industry wastewater by reverse osmosis for water reuse, Desalination, 219, pp. 190-202.
Wan J, Chakraborty T, Xu C, Ray MB, (2019). Treatment train for tailings pond water using Opuntia ficus-indica as coagulant, Separation and Purification Technology, Vol. 211, pp. 448-455.
Yavuz Y, Ocal E, Koparal AS, Ogutveren UB, (2011). Treatment of dairy industry wastewater by EC and EF processes using hybrid Fe–Al plate electrodes, Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 86, pp. 964-969.