Hematological alterations in patients with human immunodeficiency virus

Abstract

Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV presents with a variety of hematological alterations and can be seen as a complication of the disease itself or linked to treatment. It is characterized by an ineffective erythropoiesis caused by opportunistic infections, malignancies and drugs. In this article we want to determine the most frequent hematological alterations that occur in patients with human immunodeficiency virus treated at the Enrique Garcés Hospital, located in Quito, Ecuador. A simple random sampling was performed for finite universe. The study is of a retrospective descriptive type of a series of cases in the Comprehensive Care Unit for HIV-AIDS patients at Enrique Garcés Hospital. The medical records of the patients treated in 2017 were reviewed. A sample of 105 patients was obtained. It was evidenced that the majority (86.7%) of the cases correspond to the male sex with an average age of 33 years. The prevalence of anemia was 13.3%. The women had a higher prevalence of anemia. Leukopenia was more frequent in the group of patients with CD4 values below 200 cells / μ. It is concluded that the prevalence of anemia was not very high, it prevailed in the female sex with a hypochromic normocytic pattern. Leukopenia was more frequent in the group of patients with CD4 values below 200 cells / μ. Platelets in most patients were in normal range.