Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical case

Abstract

Introduction. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system, diagnosis, variability in evolution and response to treatment are key challenges. In addition, the high cost of treatment, together with the impact on quality of life, underline the importance of investigating this condition.  Objective: to analyze the management of the pathology, including its description, care plan and treatment, by means of a clinical case study. Methodology: clinical case with bibliographic review, descriptive, retrospective type, aspects such as definition, physiopathology, risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, signs and symptoms are approached. The systematization of the case includes reason for consultation, current disease, history, medications, physical examination, laboratories and outcome. The discussion highlights holistic influences on the outcome, comparing data with other investigations to enrich the article. Results: We present the case of a 41-year-old man with multiple pre-existing medical conditions, including hypothyroidism, arterial hypertension, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. He is admitted to the emergency department with symptoms compatible with acute coronary syndrome, but significant cardiac signs are ruled out on workup. Given her history of previous disorders and an inflammatory polyneuropathy, a systemic multi-inflammatory syndrome related to a possible hypercoagulability syndrome is suspected. Treatment is initiated and a thorough clinical evaluation is performed, highlighting the presence of spinal canal stenosis and evidence of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in complementary studies. Conclusions: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a challenge in autoimmune disorders of the peripheral nervous system, evidencing complexities in diagnosis, evolution and treatment. A clinical case study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach that includes medications, vital management, physical therapy, and neurological follow-up. The research highlights the need for further studies and specialized care to effectively address CIDP.