Simulation of the effectiveness of inorganic flame retardants in extinguishing fires with CFAST. Case of a chemical laboratory.
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Introduction. The use of inorganic flame retardants in sprinkler-type fire systems is an alternative that can help in extinguishing uncontrolled fires and protecting high-risk chemical laboratories. Objetives. Extinguishing conditions were established according to NFPA 13 and UNE 12845 standards and the efficacy was calculated by comparing the two conditions: use of water and use of inorganic fire retardant, using the Consolidated Model of Fire and Smoke Transport (CFAST) and Smokview 7 software. Methodology. It was determined: the level of fire risk according to the UNE 12845 standard, then the operating conditions under critical operating conditions and maximum work load according to the NFPA 13 and UNE 12845 standards and finally the effectiveness of smoke evacuation and reduction was tested of the temperature of the room by testing the inorganic fire retardant solution with known values of decrease in the heat release curve (HRR) with the CFAST and Smkeview 7 program. Results. It was determined: extra-group 2 risk fire risk level, the maximum surface area per sprinkler is 12 m2, the minimum design density is 5mm / min for each sprinkler, the smoke saturation improvement time of the site considering the use of water and dilution of inorganic flame retardants based on Magnesium Hydroxide Mg (OH) 2 at 9% (Pozo Álvarez, 2020) as an extinguishing medium is 37% and a 48.57% improvement in cooling time is observed , with a pressure of 101,500 Pa, an average temperature of 20 ° C in the city of Ambato, an oxygen percentage of 15% according to the NFPA 13 and UNE 12845 standards. Conclution. The application of inorganic flame retardants Magnesium Hydroxide as a fire extinguishing method results in a 37% improvement in the increase in the time in the removal of pollutants and a 48.57% improvement in the cooling time assumes an improvement in system efficiency according to CFAST.
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